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Micro and Immuno - Exam 2 > Hepatitis Viruses > Flashcards

Hepatitis Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Hepatitis A Genome

A

+ssRNA

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2
Q

Hep A Virion

A

Non-enveloped

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3
Q

Hep A Incubation

A

15-40 days

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4
Q

Hep A Replication

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

Hep A Symptoms

A

Jaundice

Elevated ALT levels

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6
Q

Hep A Transmission

A

Ingestion of fecally contaminated food or water

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7
Q

Hep A Prevalence

A

2nd most prevalent form of Hep A

1,987 cases in 2009

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8
Q

Hep A Prevention

A

Vaccines:

Havrix and Vaqta

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9
Q

Hep A Treatment

A

No antivirals

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10
Q

Hep B Genome

A

Circular dsDNA

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11
Q

Hep B Incubation

A

60-180 days

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12
Q

Hep B Replication

A

In the nucleus
Has an RNA intermediate
cccDNA is the template for transcription
Requires liver specific transcription factors

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13
Q

Hep B Symptoms

A

Jaundice and elevated ALT (alanine transaminase levels)

Malaise, anorexia, vomiting, fatigue, cough, serum-like sickness

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14
Q

Hep B Transmission

A

Sex and drug usage

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15
Q

Hep B Complications

A

Chronic disease occurs in 5% of cases - presence of HBsAy in blood for more than 6 months; marked by poor IgG response
There are sporadic episodes of hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver
Increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma

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16
Q

Hep B Prevalence

A

Most common Hepatitis infection

17
Q

Hep B Prevention

A

Vaccination that requires multiple inoculations

Is not effective against chronic infections

18
Q

Hep B Treatment

A

Interferon-a therapy

Nucleoside analogs

19
Q

Hepatitis D

A

Subviral agent - rare in human viruses
Requires an active HBV infection
RNA genome encodes a single protein

20
Q

Hep C Genome

A

(+)ssRNA

21
Q

Hep C Virion

A

enveloped

22
Q

Hep C Incubation

A

60-120 days

23
Q

Hep C Replication

A

Cytoplasm

Missing cap - ribosomes recognize internal ribosome entry site

24
Q

Hep C Symptoms

A

Jaundice, elevated ALT levels

Milder than Hep B

25
Q

Hep C Transmission

A

Sex and drug usage

26
Q

Hep C Complications

A

Chronic infections occur in 80% of cases
Can turn into an extra-hepatic disease - antibody and virus complexes deposit into other tissues, eliciting an immune response and subsequent tissue damage

27
Q

Hep C Prevelence

A

Less common than Hep A or Hep B

28
Q

Hep C Prevention

A

No vaccine

29
Q

Hep C Treatment

A

Interferon-a treatment can reduce chances for chronic infections

30
Q

Hepatitis E

A

Causes foodborne and waterborne hepatitis
Disease is very similar to Hep A and is distinguished by serology
Infection can be life threatening to pregnant women
No prevention

Micro and Immuno - Exam 2 (11 decks)

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