Exam 2 Slide show Skeletal Tissue (pt4)

Question 1

In intramembranous ossification, how is the periosteum developed?

Answer 1

Bone matrix > compact bone

Question 2

Which ossification do most bones form by?

Answer 2

Endochondral ossification

Question 3

What is Perichondrium made of?

Answer 3

fibrous connective tissue

Question 4

What is the starting tissue type for intramembranous bone formation?

Answer 4

Fiborous connective tissue

Question 5

What is the starting tissue type for creating the cartilage model of endochondral bone formation?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

The cartilage model grows by two mechanisms, what are they?

Answer 6

• Interstitial - Grows in length

- Appositional - grows in girth

Question 7

In regards to the cartilage model, which growth method involves chondrocytes surrounded by matrix which elongate the bone by continuing to secrete matrix

Answer 7

Interstitial

Question 8

In regards to the cartilage model, which growth method involves new chondroblasts on the periphery of the bone adding matrix to the surface, thickening the model

Answer 8

Appositional

Question 9

Of the two types of bone, which is formed first in intramembranous bone formation?

Answer 9

Trabeculae (spongy bone)

Question 10

Of the two types of bone, which is formed first in endochondral bone formation?

Answer 10

Trabeculae (spongy bone)

Question 11

During growth of the cartilage model in endochondral ossification, what stage of the cell cycle are chondrocytes in that are undergoing hypertrophy?

Answer 11

G0 (G-Zero)

Question 12

Which ossification center develops during prenatal development?

Answer 12

The primary ossification center

Question 13

Most bones have how many primary ossification centers?

Answer 13

Just one

Question 14

Which ossification center accounts for postnatal bone growth during childhood and adolescence?

Answer 14

Secondary ossification centers

Question 15

How many secondary ossification centers are there?

Answer 15

Multiple

Question 16

In endochondral ossification, what is the stimulus for cells in the perichondrium to differentiate from osteogenic cells into osteoblasts?

Answer 16

the nutrient artery penetrating the perichondrium and growing into the diaphysis

Question 17

In endochondral ossification, what is the stimulus for development of secondary ossification centers?

Answer 17

When the epiphyseal artery penetrates the epiphyses

Question 18

Differentiate the fate of spongy bone formed by endochondral ossification in the diaphysis from the fate of spongy bone formed by endochondral ossification in the epiphyses

Answer 18

The spongy bone in the diaphysis is removed to form the medullary cavity.
While the other spongy bone remains in the middle of the epiphysis

Question 19

What is the developmental origin of articular cartilage?

Answer 19

hyaline cartilage from the bone model that did not ossify

Question 20

What is the developmental origin of cartilage of the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 20

The ephiphyseal plate is formed from a line of cartilage in the metaphysis

Question 21

What is the relationship between the epiphyseal plate and the epiphyseal line?

Answer 21

While a bone is growing an epiphyseal plate exists. the plate becomes an epiphyseal line, after growth

Question 22

Correctly sequence the following events involved in bone fracture and repair (just look it over 5x’s)

Answer 22

1. formation of a clot, (bone cells die due to loss of blood supply)
2. phagocytic cells migrate into hematoma and remove debris
3. osteoclasts digest dead and damaged bone
4. procallus is formed
5. fibroblasts migrate in and secrete collagen and chondroblasts secrete cartilage matrix
6. procallus is transformed into fibrocartilage
7. osteoblasts form trabeculae forming spongy bone
8. spongy bone at periphery is remodeled into compact bone.

Question 23

Where does bone growth in length occur?

Answer 23

At the epiphyseal plate