Test 2: Filamentous Bacteria (Gram +)

Question 1

What are the 4 members of the genera

Filamentous Bacteria?

Answer 1

• Streptobacillus*
• Actinomyces*
• Nocardia*
• Dermatophilus*
• SAND*

Question 2

What is the most common species of

Nocardia?

Answer 2

Nocardia asteroides

Question 3

Where are *Nocardia *found?

Answer 3

Soil and Water

Question 4

How is *Nocardia *transmitted?

Answer 4

Inhalation, Trauma, and Ingestion

Question 5

Bovine mastitis and Bovine Farcy can be caused by which filamentous bacteria?

Answer 5

Nocardia

Question 6

Consistently involved lymph nodes

is a feature of the pathogenesis of which filamentous bacteria?

Answer 6

Nocardia

Question 7

A chronic suppurative infection that starts in the lower limbs of a cow is called

Answer 7

Bovine Farcy

Question 8

A cow is from the tropics and has lesions on its lower limbs that are discharging pus (suppurative). A few hours ago, this cow aborted a fetus and the farmer saved the placenta. The placenta is covered with multiple foci of white purulent exudates.

Upon examination of the fetus, you notice that its lungs have abcesses.

What is this disease called?

Answer 8

Bovine Farcy

Question 9

A cow is from the tropics and has lesions on its lower limbs that are discharging pus (suppurative). A few hours ago, this cow aborted a fetus and the farmer saved the placenta.

The placenta is covered with multiple foci of white purulent exudates.

Upon examination of the fetus, you notice that its lungs have abcesses.

What can cause this disease?

Answer 9

• Nocardia farcinica*
• Mycobacterium farcinogenes*
• Mycobacterium senegalense*

Question 10

A cow is from the tropics and has lesions on its lower limbs that are discharging pus (suppurative). A few hours ago, this cow aborted a fetus and the farmer saved the placenta.

The placenta is covered with multiple foci of white purulent exudates.

Upon examination of the fetus, you notice that its lungs have abcesses.

Lab work comes back and you find out that the causative agent is Aerobic, Gram +, and Partially Acid-Fast.

Definitively, you can ID the pathogen. What is it?

Answer 10

Nocardia farcinica

Question 11

In horses, it is the disease that appears to be Nocardiosis and causes abortion, but is actually caused by

Crossiella equi

Answer 11

Nocardioform placentitis

Question 12

What is the causative agent of Mandibular Osteomyelitis (Lumpy Jaw) in Cats?

Answer 12

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

Question 13

In a feline patient, you take a radiograph and notice an

irregular mineralized mass in its right mandible.

You know this is characteristic of Mandibular Myelitis or Lumpy Jaw caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

but it is also characteristic of 4 other disease processes.

What is your DDx?

Answer 13

Osteosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma

Osteoma

Odontoma

Question 14

Honeycomb appearance of the bone

is associated with

Answer 14

Mandibular Osteomyelitis

(Lumpy Jaw)

caused by

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica

Question 15

Morphologically, how do you tell the difference between

Nocardia and Actinomyes?

Answer 15

YOU CAN’T!

They are morphologically indistnguishable

Question 16

Pathogenic Nocardia

are

_______ anaerobes

Answer 16

obligate anaerobes

Question 17

Where can you find

Actinomyces?

Answer 17

Oral mucous membranes and tooth surfaces

“If you want to be an ACTor, you have to SMILE”

Question 18

Actinomyces causes Lumpy Jaw in which species?

Answer 18

COWS and other ruminants

Question 19

*Nocardia *causes Lumpy Jaw in which species?

Answer 19

CATS

Question 20

Which bacteria is most likely to cause Lumpy Jaw that disseminates?

Answer 20

Nocardia

Question 21

Lumpy Jaw that DOES NOT disseminate is caused by which bacteria?

Answer 21

Actinomyces

Question 22

In histology, you see Horse-shoe shaped surfur granules

from a sample of a discharging sinus tract. What bacteria is it?

Answer 22

Actinomyces bovis

Question 23

In horses, lesions caused by

Supra-atlantal bursitis (Poll Evil)

or

Supraspinous bursitis (Fistulous Withers)

usually contain which bacteria?

Answer 23

Actinomyces

Question 24

This bacteria is associated with Dogs and Cats

and is a common isolate of suppurative serositides in small carnivores.

Answer 24

Actinomyces viscosus

Question 25

Sulfur granules are more common in lesions caused by which filamentous bacteria?

Answer 25

Actinomyces