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Bacteriology Practice Questions > Test 1: Streptococcus (Gram +) > Flashcards

Test 1: Streptococcus (Gram +) Flashcards

1
Q

Will Streptococcus spp.

cause a catalase test to be positive or negative?

What about Staphylococcus spp. ?

A

NEGATIVE

Staphylococcus is positive in catalase test

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2
Q

The most pathogenic strains of

Streptococcus spp.

are _____-hemolytic

A

BETA- hemolytic

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3
Q

The capsule of Streptococcus

is composed of

A

hyaluronic acid

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4
Q

What autoimmune disease are associated with the hyaluronic acid capsule of Streptococcus?

A

Rheumatic fever

and

Acute Glomerulonephritis

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5
Q

The adhesin virulence factor of Streptococcus

is

A

MSCRAMMS

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6
Q

What is the function of

M-protein

A

M-protein

is

anti-phagocytic by binding fibrinogen

and is a VIRULENCE FACTOR

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7
Q

A cytokine storm is caused by *Streptococcal *___________ _________

A

Cytokine storm by

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins

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8
Q

Which virulence factors help

SPREAD THE ORGANISM (Streptococcus)?

A

Streptokinases

and

Proteases, hyaluronidases, and DNAases

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9
Q

Streptococcus spp.

mostly live commensally

where?

A

Upper respiratory tract

Alimentary tract

Lower genital tract

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10
Q

*Streptococci *lead to inflammation that leads to

A

suppuration and abcess formation

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11
Q

Which strain of *Streptococcus *

is associated with neonates and pregnancy?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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12
Q

Meningitis is caused by which strain of

Streptococcus?

A

Streptococcus **pneumoniae **

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13
Q

What are the 2 non-suppurative *Streptococcal *infections in humans?

A

Rheumatic Fever

Acute Glomerulonephritis

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14
Q

What causes “Strangles” and what is it?

A

Streptococcus equi

It is a highly contagius febrile *rhinopharyngitis *

involving abcessation of regional lymph nodes

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15
Q

What is the widespread abcess formation and systemic manifestation of Strangles called?

A

Bastard Strangles

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16
Q

T/F

Strangles in mainly in young horses

A

TRUE

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17
Q

What is the main causative agent of pneumonia/pyothorax in horses?

A

Streptococcus equi subs zooepidemicus

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18
Q

What is Navel ill of foals?

A

The failure of a foal under 5 days old to acquire passive immunity through colostrum

Bacteremia or septicemia may occur

Suppurative osteomyelitis is also a common finding

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19
Q

*Streptococcus porcinus *

is known to cause what

highly contagious disease of young animals?

A

Cervical Lymphadenitis (Jowl Abcess)

in young pigs

caused by

S. porcinus

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20
Q

Streptococcus suis

is a significant human pathogen

known to cause what disease in pigs?

A

Endocarditis

Secondary Pneumonias

21
Q

*S. agalactiae *

is an important causative agent of

_________ in ruminants

A

S. agalactiae

causes

mastitis in ruminants

22
Q

“Puppy Strangles” or septicemia in newbown pups

is cause by which strain of streptococcus?

A

S. canis

causes

Puppy Strangles

23
Q

Toxic Shock like syndrome

and

Necrotizing fascitis in dogs

is caused by

A

streptococcus canis

24
Q

S. pneumoniae

is the leading cause of what 3 diseases in primates?

A

S. pneumoniae

causes

Pneumonia

Septicemia

Meningitis

in primates

25
Q

Which 2 strains of streptococcus

causes septicemia in fish

and is seen in St. Kitts

A

S. iniae

and

S. agalactiae

26
Q

You are presented with a 5 y/o Cocker Spaniel

with a history of persistent pyoderma.

You collect samples from the edge of the lesion an observe

gram + coccoid bacteria.

As part of your Ddx, what should you have?

A
  1. Streptococcus canis
  2. Staphylococcus aureus
  3. Staphylococcus intermedius
27
Q

You are presented with a 5 y/o Cocker Spaniel

with a history of *persistent pyoderma. *

You collect samples from the edge of the lesion an observe

gram + coccoid bacteria.

You then figure out that the isolate is catalase positive

What is the most likely causative agent?

A

Staphylococcus pseudointermedius

28
Q

T/F

Healthy individuals can carry streptococcus

A

True!

*streptococcus *is endogenous

29
Q

Can a streptococcus infection

be caused by stress?

A

YES!

Stress can cause *streptococcus *infection

30
Q

T/F

*streptococcus spp. *cannot be spread from animal to human

A

FALSE

zoonosis is associated with streptococcus

31
Q

In an equine infection of streptococcus

immunopathogenic mechanisms cause

________ __________

to occur after Strangles

A

Purpura Hemorrhagica

follows Strangles

in a streptococcal infection

of a horse

32
Q

What is the main immunological defense against

streptococcus?

A

Phagocytosis

33
Q

Immunity against streptococcus

is ________ specific

A

serotype specific

34
Q

In regards to host immunity against streptococcus

sometimes, specific antibodies are protective.

What are the antibodies in the nasopharynx

that protect against the M protein virulence factor in Strangles?

A

IgA and IgG

in the nasopharynx of the horse

fight against m-protein virulence factor associated with Strangles

35
Q

There are vaccines to protect against Strangles, but what is the problem with them?

A

*Variability *makes development difficult

and it is a

live, attenuated vaccine

meaning there is a

RISK OF REVERSION!!

36
Q

Because *streptococcus *can tolerate ______% sodium azide,

this compound is used in isolation techniques for streptococcus

A

0.02%** sodium azide**

37
Q

In order to identify *streptococcus *strains

the CAMP test is employed because of the property of

________ ________

A

CAMP Test

and

hemolytic synergism

38
Q

Strains of streptococcus agalactiae augment the

hemolytic activity

of

staphylococcal B-toxin

via action of the

CAMP Factor (cocytolysin)

This interaction is called what?

A

Hemolytic Synergism

39
Q

This pathogen is NOT a streptococcus

but were once classified as Class D streptococcus

A

Enterococcus

40
Q

Where would you normally find Enterococcus?

A

In the intestinal tract of mammals and birds

41
Q

Which sites are most likely to become infected by Enterococcus?

A

Enterococcus will infect compromised sites such as

Urinary Bladder (if there is a UTI)

and

The ear in dogs (with otitis externa)

42
Q

Streptococcus or Enterococcus

Grown in MacConkey agar

A

Enterococcus

43
Q

Streptococcus or Enterococcus

Alpha or Beta Hemolytic on Blood Agar

A
  • Streptococcus*
  • Enterococcus*is alpha or gamma hemolytic
44
Q

Streptococcus or Enterococcus

Some are motile

A

Enterococcus

45
Q

Streptococcus or Enterococcus

Grown at increased temperature (45C)

A

Enterococcus

46
Q

What are the 2 most important strains of Enterococci?

What do they cause?

A

E. faecalis

E. faecium

<em>E. faecalis: More species!- Septicemia and diarrhea in birds, UTI in dogs, Mastitis in cows</em>

<em>E. faecium: ONLY septicemia in birds</em>

47
Q

*Enterococcus *share ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES with what pathogen?

A

Enterococcus and Staph aureus

share

antimicrobial resistance genes!

48
Q

E. faecalis and E. faecium

became resistent to

Vancomycin in Europe due to the use of what substance?

A

*Enterococcus *resistance to Vancomycin

caused by use of

avoparcin

49
Q

*Streptococcus *or Enterococcus

Grown on blood agar at 37C

A

Streptococcus

Bacteriology Practice Questions (16 decks)

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