Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AU 15- Periodontology Exam 2 > Perio and Systemic Health > Flashcards

Perio and Systemic Health Flashcards

1
Q

The ________ reaction cascade is a mechanism by which periodontitis could potentially influence systemic disease (which gives some truth to the Focal Infection Concept).

A

acute-phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the “focal infection concept?”

A

spread of bacteria from the oral cavity causes many chronic diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 3 problems were found with the Focal Infection Concept?

A
  1. extracting teeth didn’t necessarily cure disease
  2. People with good oral health/no infection still developed systemic disease
  3. People with no teeth still developed systemic disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the steps involved in an Acute-Phase Reaction cascade?

A

Triggering factors –> Local Reaction –> Mediators(cytokines) –> Secondary Systemic Reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Infection, necrosis, radiation, neoplasia, and surgery are all examples of ______ in the Acute-Phase Reaction Cascade.

A

Triggering Factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Macrophages, Fibroblasts, and endothelial cells are ______ factors in the Acute-Phase Reaction.

A

Local Reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mediators of the Acute-Phase Reaction Cascade involve the production/release of _______ _______ such as TNFalpha, IL-1, IL-6, and IFNgamma.

A

inflammatory cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fever, serum, complement, and alternative synthesis of proteins describe the ________ phase of the Acute-Phase Reaction Cascade.

A

Secondary Systemic Reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the five important “acute phase proteins?”

A
  1. Complement components (lysis, chemotaxis, opsonize)
  2. Protease Inhibitors (alpha1 macroglobulin)
  3. C-reactive Protein (opsonization)
  4. Fibrinogen (coagulation, chemotaxis)
  5. Plasminogen (breaks down clots)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In addition to complement components, which Acute-Phase protein is involved in chemotaxis?

A

fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does periodontitis result in systemic exposure to bacteria and inflammatory cytokines?

A
  • Periodontal pockets = LARGE SURFACE AREA exposed to gram negative bacteria
  • infection results in INCREASED INFLAMMATION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the seven conditions that define a risk factor?

  1. Consistency of _____
  2. Strength of _______
  3. Correct _______
  4. Specificity of ______
  5. Degree of ______
  6. Biological ______
  7. Support from ________
A
  1. consistency of association
  2. strength of association
  3. correct time sequence
  4. specificity of association
  5. degree of exposure
  6. biological plausibility
  7. support from experimental evidence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: The potential factor relating periodontitis must precede the occurrence of systemic disease, it cannot be coincident.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four systemic diseases that are associated with periodontitis?

A
  • Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
  • Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (low birth weight)
  • Diabetic complications
  • Respiratory complications (pneumonia, COPD)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three layers that are present in healthy elastic arteries?

A

intima
media
adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease in which large to medium sized muscular and large elastic arteries become occluded with fibro-lipid lesions termed ______.

A

atheromas

17
Q

What are the two complications commonly related to atherosclerosis?

A
  • coronary thrombosis

- acute myocardial infarction

18
Q

In atherosclerosis, there is a/an _______ in the blood supply surrounding the adventitia.

A

increase (need more blood to overcome lipid accumulation)

19
Q

True or False: Periodontitis and AVD share common risk factors or etiological pathways.

A

True

20
Q

Because there are _______ _______ between AVD and periodontitis, studies must be adjusted to account for these factors.

A

confounding factors

21
Q

What are the four major confounding factors relating AVD to periodontitis?

A
  1. Smoking
  2. Age
  3. Diabetes
  4. Education/SES
22
Q

True or False: Although it is not extremely strong, the evidence is predominantly positive and consistent in relating periodontitis to AVD.

A

True

23
Q

There are three biological pathways that explain the link between periodontitis and CVD:

  1. effect of periodontal bacteria on ______
  2. Invasion of _____ cells and _____ by perio bacteria
  3. ______-like effects of pro-inflammatory mediators
A
  1. platelets
  2. endothelial, macrophages
  3. endocrine
24
Q

Gingipains from P.g will upregulate expression of ______ which is pro-inflammatory and will downregulate _______ which is anti-inflammatory inhuman aortic smooth muscle.

A

angiopoetin 2 = pro-inflammatory

angiopoetin 1 = anti-inflammatory

25
Q

The increase in angiopoetin 2 and decrease in angiopoetin 1 in smooth muscle cells will increase migration of cells and promote ______.

A

atherosclerosis

26
Q

True or False: The association between periodontal disease and C-reactive Protein doubles when adjusted for age.

A

True

27
Q

True or False: Studies support a causal relationship between periodontitis and AVD.

A

False: studies support an association NOT causation

28
Q

True or False: There is strong evidence of association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontitis.

A

False, modest association

29
Q

True or False: Periodontal therapy appears to significantly reduce overall rates of PTB or LBW.

A

False

30
Q

True or False: Poorly controlled diabetics of both Type 1 and Type 2 tend to have more periodontal attachment loss than non-diabetics.

A

True

31
Q

Evidence for the link between diabetes and periodontitis shows ________.

A

association not causality

32
Q

True or False: Systemic reviews detected conclusive evidence of an association between periodontitis and COPD.

A

False

33
Q

True or False: The evidence of an association between dental plaque and COPD is stronger than that for pneumonia.

A

False

association of plaque with pneumonia >COPD

AU 15- Periodontology Exam 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions