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AU 15- Periodontology Exam 2 > Trauma From Occlusion- Implants > Flashcards

Trauma From Occlusion- Implants Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Dental implants act similarly to ankylosed teeth.

A

True

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2
Q

What is osseointegration?

A

DIRECT bone-implant surface mechanical interlocking

as opposed to indirect interaction of natural tooth which has a PDL that attaches cementum to bone

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3
Q

Natural teeth can adapt to heavy forces due to the PDL attachment apparatus; implanted teeth experience _____ at bone-implant surface interface.

A

continuous bone remodeling

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4
Q

What is the difference between tooth mobility and implant mobility?

A

Tooth Mobility: Physiological (PDL remodeling) or Pathological phenomena
Implant Mobility: always a Pathological phenomena… the implant is failing and should be removed

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5
Q

True or False: There is a threshold for dental implants and crossing that amount would result in microfractures.

A

True

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6
Q

What is “primary stability” associated with dental implants?

A

the stability of the implant at the time of placement; mechanical interlocking mechanism between the screw and bone

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7
Q

Which two factors will influence primary stability of the dental implant?

A
  1. bone density

2. implant fixture design

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8
Q

What is the conventional healing time for mandibular implants?

A

3 months

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9
Q

What is the conventional healing time for maxillary implants?

A

6 months

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10
Q

Why do maxillary implants take longer to heal?

A

less dense bone (more trabecular/spongy)

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11
Q

What are the three stages of functional loading on an implant?

A

Immediate (at time of placement)
Early (before conventional healing is complete)
Late (following 3-6 mos conventional healing time)

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12
Q

The implant restorative design is one of four designs:

A
  1. Single Tooth (most difficult)
  2. Multiple Unit-Fixed-Splinted (group control)
  3. Full Mouth-Fixed-Implant Supported
  4. Full Mouth-Removable-Implant Supported
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13
Q

What are the implications of implants in “excessive” occlusion?

A 
Porcelain fracture
Screw loosening or fracture
Implant fixture fracture
Mobility of adjacent teeth
Eruption/Malocclusion of adjacent teeth
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14
Q

True or False: With dental implants, nerve endings are lost and reduction in mechanoreceptors makes it difficult to feel.

A

True

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15
Q

True or False: Myelinated fiber content of the mental nerve is reduced by 20% with dental implants.

A

False: fiber content of INFERIOR ALVEOLAR nerve is reduced by 20%

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16
Q

Tooth extraction leads to _______ _______ in the peri-implant area.

A

sensory amputation

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17
Q

True or False: During healing, there is a gradual increase in free nerve endings close to the implant-bone interface.

A

True

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18
Q

In the peri-implant area, where are mechanoreceptors found?

A

in the periosteum

they are adapting after loss of tooth

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19
Q

“Tactile Sensibility” is sensory feedback through receptors that are localized within the _____ and ____.

A

PDL

bone

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20
Q

Receptors located in the PDL are sensing _______.

A

viscoelasticity

remember viscosity is the resistance to fluid flow

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21
Q

Receptors located in the bone are sensing ______.

A

Elasticity

the ability to resist a distorting influence or stress and to return to original size and shape when stress is removed

22
Q

_____ _____ is necessary for fine tuning of jaw and limb motor control.

A

Tactile Sensibility (sensory feedback)

23
Q

What is “thickness discrimination”?

A

the ability to detect a certain thickness when the item is between antagonistic teeth upon tooth loading

24
Q

What is the difference in thickness discrimination between natural teeth and implants?

A

Natural: 20 micrometers upon 1-2 grams of loading
Implant: 50-100 micrometers upon 50-100 grams

25
Q

Does the thickness discrimination increase or decrease after implants?

A

Discrimination decreases….however, that means that the THICKNESS that is sensed must INCREASE

(less mechanoreception results in heavier loading)

26
Q

How many movement PHASES does a natural tooth have? How many does an implant have?

A

Tooth: two
Implant: one

27
Q

What are the two “movement phases” of a natural tooth?

A

Primary: non-linear and complex
Secondary: linear and elastic

28
Q

What is the “movement phase” of an implant?

A

linear and elastic (same as natural “secondary phase”)

29
Q

How many movement PATTERNS does a natural tooth have? How many does an implant have?

A

Natural: two
Implant: one

30
Q

What are the movement patterns of natural teeth compared to implant teeth?

A 
Natural: 
   Primary= immediate movement
   Secondary= gradual movement
Implant:
   Gradual movement only
31
Q

With an implant, where is stress concentrated?

A

crestal bone

32
Q

How does proprioception differ between a tooth and an implant?

A

osseoperception = implant

PDL mechanoreceptors = tooth

33
Q

What are the 3 types of forces?

A
  1. Static
  2. Functional
  3. Excessive
34
Q

What is a static force?

A

constant force applied as in orthodontic movements

35
Q

What is a functional force?

A

intermittent, multidirectional forces that would occur when a tooth/implant is in normal function

36
Q

What is an excessive force?

A

force that well-exceeds those of teeth/implants in normal functioning (cantilevered implants)

37
Q

Which aspect of a tooth or implant will “take the force?”

A

diameter

38
Q

True or False: Functional loading may increase bone-to-implant contact; however, 100% bone-implant surface contact is not possible.

A

True… 100% is NOT possible

39
Q 
Loading time (for functional occlusal forces) depends on:
1.
2. 
3.
4.
A
  1. primary stability of the implant
  2. implant design
  3. restorative design
  4. presence/absence of risk factors
40
Q

Occlusal trauma is a _______ etiological factor for periodontal disease.

A

Secondary

41
Q

Occlusal trauma can be a ________ etiological factor for PERI-implant disease.

A

Primary

42
Q

What is “Retrograde Peri-implantitis?”

A

a lesion that is periapical to an osseointegrated implant. The condition is identifiable by radiological examination and from clinical symptoms such as pain and tenderness

43
Q

Bruxism can create complications for dental implants. What can be done to combat these complications?

A
  1. use LONGER and WIDER implants

2. ensure properly THICK bone is in place for support

44
Q

Implants cannot tolerate _____ forces well. Therefore, forces should be directed ________.

A

lateral

parallel to the long axis of the implant

45
Q

What is the “all on 4” implant technology?

A

a new technology in which an entire arch is supported by four implants

46
Q

Research has shown that implant ______ is more critical than length in reducing the bone stress.

A

diameter

47
Q

New concepts allow for ______-______ implants.

A

wide-short

48
Q

______ loads induced more bone strain and implant stress than _______loads.

A

Lateral

Vertical

49
Q

In order to avoid a “distal cantilever” when using the All-on-4 technique, the last implant on each side should be tilted with the root apex pointing toward the _____.

A

midline

50
Q

True or False: With typical implants and with the All-on-4 technique, multiple implants within an arch should be arranged in parallel.

A

False: Typical implants YES parallel

All-on-4: the implants that are farthest distal should be tilted with “crowns to distal” and “root apex toward midline”

51
Q

Distal-tilted implants (the crown is distal) can produce higher _____ strength when compared to vertical implants.

A

tensile

52
Q

Distal tilted implants in complete-arch prostheses allow a reduction in _______ stresses at the distal peri-implant bone.

A

compressive

AU 15- Periodontology Exam 2 (14 decks)

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