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World History Semester 1 Final > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What 5 characteristics does a civilization need to have?

A
  • complex institutions
  • advanced cities
  • advanced technologies
  • record keeping
  • specialized workers
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1
Q

What is Prehistory?

A

The time before anyone wrote anything down

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2
Q

What is an empire (or what does it do)?

A

bring together people, nations, or independent states under one rule

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3
Q

What is Civil Service?

A

paid workers that managed government affairs

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4
Q

What is the Mandate of Heaven?

A

the belief that a just ruler had the divine approval of the gods

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5
Q

What is a dynasty?

A

a series of rulers from a single family

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6
Q

What was the Hammurabi Code?

A

series of laws that helped organize Sumer

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7
Q

What is Confucianism?

A

a religion that believed in harmony and good relationships

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8
Q

What is Daoism?

A

“the way”; a religion based on nature

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9
Q

What was Legalism?

A

group of political thinkers who believed that strict rules and strict punishment is the way to govern and live

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10
Q

What were the differences between Sumer, Assyria, Persia, and China?

A

Assyria treated conquered people like ass; Persia treated conquered people nicely; Sumer was the very first civilization; and China had different religious beliefs and had dynasties

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11
Q

Name three waterways that influenced China or Sumer

A
  • Chang Jiang
  • Yangtze
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Red Sea
  • etc.
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12
Q

Who was Darius and what did he do?

A

Important leader of Persia who expanded the empire, organized the government, and established a currency

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13
Q

What was the significance of the Xian Dynasty?

A

it was the beginning of the Silk Road

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14
Q

What was the significance of the Qin Dynasty?

A

It unified China

i.a.e. established currency and laws

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15
Q

What is a polis?

A

a greek city-state

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16
Q

What is an example of a polis?

A

Athens or Sparta

17
Q

What is a democracy?

A

a government controlled by its citizens either directly or through its citizens

18
Q

What is an example of a democracy?

A

Athens

19
Q

What is monarchy?

A

a government in which all power is held in a single person’s hands

20
Q

What is an example of a monarchy?

A

Corinth

21
Q

What is an aristocracy?

A

a type of government in which the power is in the hands of a small, hereditary group

22
Q

What is an oligarchy?

A

a government in which the power is in a few people’s hands

23
Q

What is an example of an oligrachy?

A

Sparta

24
Q

What is cultural diffusion?

A

the process in which new ideas products are spread from one culture to another

25
Q

What was one famous source of cultural diffusion between China and Europe (or other countries in the Middle East)?

A

The Silk Road

26
Q

How did Greece’s location help the society?

A

Since Greece was surrounded by water, it led to access to new ideas, innovations, and trade

27
Q

What are two main differences between Sparta and Athens?

A

Sparta was based on military while Athens was based on creativity and intellect; Sparta was an oligarchy and Athens was a democracy

28
Q

Who were the two nations fighting in the Persian wars?

A

Persia and Greece

29
Q

What were they fighting for in the Persian Wars?

A

Persia wanted to control Greece

30
Q

Who were the major generals for Greece and Persia?

A

Persia-Darius and Xerxes(Darius’ son)

Greece-Leonadis

31
Q

Who won the Persian Wars?

A

Greece

32
Q

What were three major battles in the Persian Wars?

A

Thermopylae, Marathon, and Salamis

33
Q

What was two positive outcome for Greece after the Persian Wars?

A
  • all the greek city-states were united under one rule

- athens was launched into the Golden Age of Athens

34
Q

Who was Alexander the Great and What did he do?

A

He was a leader of Macedonia; he conquered Egypt, Persia, Greece, India, and Asia; started Hellenistic culture

35
Q

What is hellenistic culture?

A

The blending of Egyptian, Persian, and Indian culture

36
Q

What are two examples of Hellenistic contributions to visual arts?

A
  • Nike

- Colossus of Rhodes

37
Q

What are two examples of hellenistic contributions to philosophy?

A
  • Stoicism

- epicurism

38
Q

What is Stoicism?

A

religion that encouraged living in harmony with god’s will and laws of nature

39
Q

What is Epicureanism?

A

religion that taught gods had no interest in human beings; focused on the 5 senses; encouraged living a life of pleasure

40
Q

What is one example of how hellenistic culture contributed to history?

A

The Alexandria library in Alexandria, Egypt

41
Q

Who are two hellenistic scientists and what did the contrbute?

A
  • archimedes - pi

- Pythagoras - Pythagorean theorem

World History Semester 1 Final (4 decks)

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