Mechanisms of Addiction Flashcards
What is “addiction”
Continued repetition of a behaviour despite adverse consequences
In terms of addiction, what is ambivalence?
Having two contradictory views about their addiction
What is “dependence”?
Use of a substances takes on a much higher priority than other behaviours that once had greater value
What makes a substance addictive?
- Pleasure producing potency
- Rapid onset of action
- Short duration of action
- Tolerance and withdrawal
What is positive reinforcement?
A favourable outcome after a desirable behaviour
What is negative reinforcement?
Removing a negative stimulus after a desirable behaviour
All addictive drugs lead to an increase of which neurotransmitter and where?
Dopamine produced in the Ventral Tegmental Area, acting on the nucleus accumbens
Why is a Variable Reinforcement Schedule more addictive than a Fixed Reinforcement Schedule?
Random intervals and random size payoff. Most animals will take a little risk for a small reward
What factors influence the Societal Consumption of Alcohol?
Price (reduction of price per year)
Availability (increased)
