Heart Failure Flashcards
Systolic heart failure
Ventricles can’t pump enough during systole
Diastolic heart failure
Not enough blood fills in ventricles in diastole
Systolic and diastolic heart failure leads to
Congestive heart failure
Ejection fraction?
Portion of blood pumped out the left ventricle
Normal ejection fraction
50-70
40-50= borderline
<40= systolic heart failure
Diastolic heart failure features
Ejection is preserved
Stroke volume is low
Ejection fraction normal
Thick ventricle walls mean not enough blood flows in
Left ventricle heart failure feature
Blood backed up into lungs
Pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary oedema
Symptoms of LV heart failure
Dyspnea
Orthopnea- difficulty breathing when lying flat
Crackles / roles on auscultation
Severe left ventricular heart failure
Pulses alternans
Alternating strong + weak peripheral pulses
Ejection fraction low
Stroke volume low
More blood stays in ventricle
Next systole muscle is stretched further
RVHF symptoms and signs
Blood backed up in the body
Jugular distension
(Can been seen when patient at 45 degrees)
3cm above sterna angle
RV HF blood backs up so…
Blood goes to liver + spleen so it en,argues
Excess fluid moves into interstitial spaces, collects in peritoneum and produces ascites
Pitting oedema in legs
Left sided heart failure can cause
Right sided heart failure (common)
And vice versa
Patients usually have symptoms of both
Symptoms of right ventricle heart failure
Arterial remodelling
3 beats (new beat ) on auscultation
advanced heart failure symptoms
Decreased tissue perfusion resting sinus tachycardia
Cool,pale,cyanotic extremia
Ventricular stroke volume down
Diagnosis heart failure
ECG chest only
Arrhythmias