Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vascular > Coronary Artery Disease > Flashcards

Coronary Artery Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Characterised by angina pectoris
1

2

A

1 vasopsastic disease

Transient vasoconstriction of coronary artery

(Transient ischaemia, attack occurs at rest, attack occurs in clusters)

2 atherosclerotic disease

Coronary artery narrows due to plaque

(Stable/unstable angina or myocardial infarction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acute coronary syndrome

A

Unstable angina

Myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stable angina if

A

No pain at rest

Pain due o physical exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Unstable angina if

A 
Present at rest
Frequent 
Lasts longer 
Occurs with less extertion
Prolonged ischemia

Can lead to MI I’d not managed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

First 10 mins do what

A

ABC
Physical exam

Cardiac + 02 sats

325mg aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Oxygen dats need what st each %

A

Lesss than 90% =supplemented oxygen

Less than 80%= supplemented 02+ assisted ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cardiac markers of myocardial damage

A

Tropomin T and I

Essential for diagnosis of MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Troponin found where

A

In cardiomyocytes
Released into blood when damaged

Take 6 hours to be released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Negative troponins

A

Unstable angina
Non cardiac chest pain
Short attack of prinzmetal angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Positive troponins

A

Cardiomyocyte death

MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Questions to ask

A

OPQRST

ONSET
PROVOCATION
PALLIATION
QUALITY
RADIATION
SITE 
TIME COURSE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symptoms usually

A

Dyspnea palpitations
Nausea
Sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who’s prone to it

A

Women
Older adults (atypical presentation)
Diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Myocardial ischemia

A

Unstable angina
MI
prinzemetal angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatment for myocardial ischemia

A

Nitrates
3 sublingual doses
0.4 mg

IV if doesn’t work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nitrates contraindicated when

A

Hypotension
MI of RV
PDE-S inhibitors (sildenafil)

Can cause hypotension

17
Q

Myocardial ischemia symptoms

A

Chest pain
Tachycardia
Hypertensive

Beta blockers given to decrease cardiac demand

18
Q

Beta blockers contraindicated in

A

Prinzemetal angina = worsen vasoconstriction

Bradycardia

Cardiogenic shock

Acute decompressed heart failure

Cocaine related acute coronary syndrome

19
Q

Patients with underlying heart failure treatment

A

IV loop diuretic (furosemide)

20
Q

Sever + persistent chest pain treatment

A

IV morphine sulfate

2-4 mg every 5-10 mins

21
Q

ECG on who and when

A

Everyone and repeat it every 5-10 mins I’d suspicion if myocardial ischemia

22
Q

St on ecg?

A

Healthy = normal/upwards concavity
Stable angina = normal

Unstable = normal/ depressed

23
Q

MI on ECG appearance

A

NSTEMI- non-st segment elevation myocardial
ST can be normal.ST depression can be present

Deep T wave inversions over 1mm

STEMI- ST elevation

Over 1 mm in 2 or more contiguous leads or new left bundle branch block

Occurs with full thickness involvement of myocardium

24
Q

ST depression in V1/V2 means

A

Could be mirrored ST elevation in v7 8 and 9 which doesn’t show up on the ECG

This could be a posterior STEMI and need ps to be treated like one and not an NSTEMI

25
Q

Prinzemetal angina

St elevation ?

A

Normal/ depressed in short attack

ST elevation in long attacks

ECG changes only seen during attack so must be on ECG 24 hours

26
Q

No signs of ischemia after prinzemetal angina then you do

A 
Further testing (stress test)
Induce exercise or drugs stimulation (dobutamine)
Compare coronary circulation at rest vs physical exercise
27
Q

Results of additional testing in prinzemetal ischemia

A

Negative stress test- artery can dilate
Chest pain due to non cardiac cause

Positive test - artery can’t dilate
Chest pain from unstable angina
Managed same as NSTEMI

28
Q

NSTEMI treatment?

A

Antithrombktic - oral antiplatelet therapy
Clopidogrel
Aspirin

Anticagulent therapy- herapin

Prevents thrombosis from embolism from ulcerated plaque

29
Q

After identifying someone at high risk of NSMETI what do u do

A

Coronary angiography + revascularization

High risk: immediate

Low risk: within 12 hours

30
Q

Repercussion therapy ?

A

Mechanical
Stent
Primary percutaneous
Coronary intervention

Pharmacological reperfusion- (fibrinolytic)

Dine with primary PCI can’t be done within 2 hours of arrival to emergency department

Reperfusiom should not be performed after 12 hours since symptoms onset

31
Q

After reperfusiom ?

A

Oral antiplatelet therapy andanticoagulent therapy

Vascular (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions