Comp Med No. 6 2011

Question 1

Which type of PCR is used because it employs enzymes with 3’-5’ exonuclease activity to decrease errors?

a. Multiplex-PCR
b. Asymmetric PCR
c. Nested PCR
d. Hot-start PCR
e. High-fidelity PCR

Answer 1

e. High-fidelity PCR

Question 2

To which taxonomic order does Myobia musculi belong?

a. Metastigmata
b. Mesostigmata
c. Prostigmata
d. Astigmata

Answer 2

c. Prostigmata

Question 3

Which nucleotide sequence in the ribosomal gene complex was not conserved among divergent taxa of mites?

a. 5.8S rRNA
b. 18S rRNA
c. ITS1
d. ITS2
e. 28S rRNA

Answer 3

a. 5.8S rRNA

Question 4

Establishment of endpoint criteria should be determined by which of the following?

a. Lack of impact on scientific integrity
b. Specific experimental model
c. Objective applicability
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Answer 4

d. All of the above

Question 5

One method used to determine the endpoint criteria to be used was consistently better when applied in the models analyzed by these authors than the other methods.

a. T
b. F

Answer 5

b. F

Question 6

Experimental endpoints should be based upon which of the following considerations?

a. Humane
b. Scientific and legal
c. Ethical and practical
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Answer 6

d. All of the above

Question 7

1. Digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation best describes which of the following imaging modalities:
   a. Ultrasound
   b. CT scanning
   c. PET scanning
   d. MRI

Answer 7

b. CT scanning

Question 8

Radiation of what type is indirectly emitted by a radionuclide tracer and detected to form images in PET scans?

a. Alpha particles
b. Beta particles
c. Gamma waves
d. X-rays

Answer 8

c. Gamma waves

Question 9

Foxn1nu mice like the ones used in this study lack what type of immune cell?

a. B lymphocytes
b. T lymphocytes
c. NK cells
d. Neutrophils
e. All of the above

Answer 9

b. T lymphocytes

Question 10

1. Which of the following is associated with retained fetal membranes in C57Bl/6 mice?
   a. Housing in individually ventilated cages
   b. Housing near the top of the rack
   c. Housing in static caging
   d. Lower light levels
   e. All of the above

Answer 10

a. Housing in individually ventilated cages

Question 11

2. The condition depicted below is associated with which?
   a. Housing in individually ventilated cages
   b. Stress leukogram
   c. Decreased hematocrit
   d. Housing near the bottom of the rack
   e. All of the above

Answer 11

e. All of the above

Question 12

T/F: Although jackets provide protection from self-injurious behavior, they still require frequent monitoring to prevent animal health problems.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

T/F: TMJ luxation is common in laboratory settings.

Answer 13

False, TMJ luxation is uncommon.

Question 14

T/F: Rats that luxate their TMJ rarely present with obvious clinical signs.

Answer 14

False, rats (and most animals) have significant and clear clinical abnormalities that can include inability to close mouth, inability to eat, and distress.

Question 15

The leptin:adiponectin ratio is (increased/decreased) in animals with a body fat %>40.

Answer 15

increased

Question 16

2. Socially stressed African green monkeys get thinner. T/F

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Give two serum biochemical markers predictive of risk of T2DM when elevated.

Answer 17

HbA1c, fructosamine

Question 18

Adiponectin is released from what kind of tissue?

a. Pituitary
b. Brown fat
c. White fat
d. Hypothalamus

Answer 18

c. White fat

Question 19

True or False: Sooty managabeys are a natural host of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, which has been implicated in the origin of HIV2.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Which of the following has been associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer in humans?

a. H. pylori
b. Nitrosamines
c. Genetic predisposition
d. All of the above.

Answer 20

d. All of the above.

Question 21

True or False: This is the first report of spontaneous gastric carcinoma in the Sooty Mangabey.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What unusual rodent has been used as an animal model for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and is susceptible to spontaneous gastric carcinoid?

Answer 22

Mastomys natalensis (Multimammate Rat)

Question 23

How is a “true aneurysm” defined in comparison to a “false aneurysm”?

Answer 23

A “true aneurysm” involves all layers of the arterial wall. False ones are hematomas form outside the artery due to a leak in the vessel.

Question 24

Paraffin embedded tissues can be used for PCR testing ( T/ F)

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Mycotic aneurysms are specifically caused by fungi (T/F)

Answer 25

F - This name describes both fungal and bacterial aneurysms.

Question 26

Out of all aneurysms in humans, fungal causes are more common. (T/F)

Answer 26

False

Question 27

In which of the following nonhuman primates have SRVD been identified?

a. M. Nemestrina, M. mulatta, M. arctoides, M. fascicularis
b. M. Nemestrina, M.mulatta, M. nigra, M. fascicularis
c. M.mulatta, M. arctoides, M. fascicularis. M. nigra

Answer 27

b. M. Nemestrina, M.mulatta, M. nigra, M. fascicularis

Question 28

T or F: Simian Retrovirus type D2 is a single stranded RNA alpha retrovirus in the family retroviridae?

Answer 28

False: beta retrovirus

Question 29

Fill in the blank: SRV/D2 is most frequently associated with _______________ while SRV/D1 is more often associated with infection characterized by __________________?

Answer 29

Retroperitoneal Fibromatosis, Subcutaneous Fibromatosis

Question 30

T/F: The Papilla of Vater is found at the opening of the pancreatic and common bile ducts.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Which of these are reportedly the two most common neoplasias found in baboons?

a. Lymphosarcoma
b. Squamous cell carcinoma
c. Adenocarcinoma
d. Melanoma

Answer 31

a. Lymphosarcoma

&

c. Adenocarcinoma

Question 32

Studies have shown that a tracheal cuff pressure greater than ___ mmHg may cause ischemia and possible ulceration/chondritis of the tracheal rings?

a. 15
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40

Answer 32

c. 30

Question 33

T/F: Primary tracheal tumors are common in animals.

Answer 33

False