Abdominal Pain

Question 1

Causes of RUQ pain (right hypochondriac)

Answer 1

cholecystitis
cholangitis
viral hepatitis
biliary colic
primary biliary cirrhosis
gallstone ileus

Question 2

causes of loin pain

Answer 2

renal colic

pyelonephritis

Question 3

causes of epigastric pain

Answer 3

pancreatitis
pancreatic cancer
duodenal ulcer
peptic/gastric ulcer

Question 4

causes of central pain

Answer 4

ruptured AAA
intestinal obstruction
mesenteric ischaemia

Question 5

causes of LUQ pain (left hypochondriac)

Answer 5

splenic rupture

splenic abscess

Question 6

causes of right iliac fossa pain

Answer 6

appendicitis
chron's
caecum obstruction 
ovarian cyst
hernia
ectopic pregnancy

Question 7

causes left iliac fossa pain

Answer 7

diverticulitis
UC
constipation
ovarian cyst
ectopic pregnancy
hernia

Question 8

causes of hypogastric pain

Answer 8

cystitis
testicular torsion
urinary retention
placental abruption

Question 9

cholecystitis

signs, symptoms, cause, history of presenting complaint

Answer 9

Murphy's sign positive
fever
raised inflammatory markers
impacted gallstones
may radiate to the back or the shoulder

Question 10

cholangitis

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 10

Charcot’s triad - fever, RUQ pain and jaundice
bacterial infection of the biliary tree
predisposed if history of gallstones

Question 11

biliary colic

signs, symptoms, cause

Answer 11

no fever or inflammation
follows a fatty meal
pain increases, flattens and reduces

Question 12

viral hepatitis

signs and symptoms, causes

Answer 12

nausea and vomiting
anorexia
myalgia
lethargy
RUQ pain
recent travel, IV drugs

Question 13

primary biliary cirrhosis

signs and symptoms

Answer 13

middle aged female
fatigue
pruritus
raised IgM
raised bilirubin
raised ALP

Question 14

renal colic

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 14

loin to groin pain
restless
haematuria
stone

Question 15

pyelonephritis

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 15

fever and rigors
vomiting
infection

Question 16

pancreatitis

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 16

radiates to the back
relieved by leaning forward
predisposed by alcohol and gallstones
very severe pain
tenderness
low grade fever
Cullens and grey-turner sign positive
IGETSMASHED

Question 17

duodenal ulcer

sign and symptom

Answer 17

epigastric pain that is relieved by eating

Question 18

gastric ulcer

signs and symptoms

Answer 18

epigastric pain worsened by eating

Question 19

pancreatic cancer

signs and symptoms

Answer 19

painless jaundice
anorexia and weightloss
steatorrhoea

Question 20

mesenteric ischaemia

signs and symptoms, HPC

Answer 20

history of AF or cardiovascular disease
diarrhoea
rectal bleeding
metabolic acidosis

Question 21

ruptured AAA

signs and symptoms, HPC

Answer 21

central abdominal pain that radiates to the back
catastrophic or sub-acute presentation
history of cardiovascular disease
patient in shock

Question 22

intestinal obstruction

signs and symptoms, HPC

Answer 22

history of malignancy or abdominal surgery
vomiting
not opened bowels
tinkling bowel sounds

Question 23

splenic abscess

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 23

endocarditis is most common cause. also, UTI surgical wound or GI infection

left upper quadrant pain

Question 24

diverticulitis

symptoms and treatment

Answer 24

antibiotics or surgical resection

altered bowel habit
rectal bleeding

Question 25

appendicitis

signs and symptoms

Answer 25

central pain moves to right iliac fossa
anorexia
tachycardia
fever
tender RIF 
ryesings's sign - palpate LIF increases RIF pain

Question 26

urinary retention

signs and symptoms

Answer 26

men
benign prostatic hypertrophy
suprapubic pain

Question 27

gallbladder ileus

signs and symptoms, cause

Answer 27

small bowel obstruction secondary to gallstones
RUQ pain
distention
vomiting
fistula between gangrenous biliary duct and duodenum

Question 28

what causes of abdominal pain radiate to the back

Answer 28

cholecystitis
pancreatitis
RAAA
TB peritonitis