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07. Year 2: Alimentary System > Histology of the GI Tract > Flashcards

Histology of the GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What is the hierarchical organisation?

A

Cells (ultrastructural level)

Tissues (molecular level)

Organ

Organ system

Organism

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2
Q

What is the first question you should ask yourself when looking at a histological image?

A

How magnified the image is

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3
Q

What are the 4 basic types of tissues?

A

Epithelial

Connective tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

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4
Q

What are different classifications of epithelial tissue?

A

Columnar

Cuboidal

Squamous

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5
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

Tissue on the surface

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6
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Space filling tissue

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7
Q

What are the functions of muscle tissue?

A

Contractions, movement

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8
Q

What are the functions of nervous tissue?

A

Integrates and coordinates

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9
Q

What is a tissue?

A

Group of cells that work together and perform the same function

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10
Q

What is a tissue formed from?

A

Cells and extracellular substance

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11
Q

What is an organ formed from?

A

Two or more types of tissues

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12
Q

What is 1?

A
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13
Q

What is 2?

A
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14
Q

What is 3?

A
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15
Q

What is 4?

A
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16
Q

What are the layers of the muscularis externa?

A

Inner circular muscle

Outer longitudinal muscle

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17
Q

What is the classification of the epithelium in th eoesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous non-keritinised epithelium

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18
Q

What kind of muscle is the upper 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

A

Skeletal muscle

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19
Q

What kinds of muscle is the middle 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

A

Smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

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20
Q

What kind of muscle of the lower 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

A

Smooth muscle

21
Q

What is 1?

A
22
Q

What is 2?

A
23
Q

Who do parietal cells secrete?

A

Hydrochloric acid

24
Q

What do chief cells secrete?

A

Pepsinogen

25
Q

What is the classification of the epithelium in the stomach?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

26
Q

In what layer are the gastric glands in the stomach found?

A

Mucosa (above muscularis mucosae)

27
Q

What is unique about the muscularis externa of the stomach?

A

Has 3 layers, containing a middle oblique muscle

28
Q

What is found in the mucosa of the small intestine?

A

Villi

Cryptos of Leiberkuhn

Lymphoid aggregations (Peyer’s patches)

29
Q

What are crypts of Leiberkuhn?

A

Found in small intestine, similar to gastric glands of the stomach, contain stem cells that produce a number of different cell types including enterocytes

30
Q

Where are Brunner’s glands found?

A

Submucosa of the duodenum

31
Q

In what part of the GI tract are peyer’s patches found?

A

Ileum

32
Q

Where in the GI tract do villi first appear?

A

Ileum

33
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

A

Jejunum

34
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

A

Ileum

35
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

A

Duodenum

36
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

A

Oesophagus

37
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

A

Stomach

38
Q

What are Paneth cells?

A

Highly secretory cells that produce and package a variety of antimicrobial proteins and peptides

39
Q

What does the large intestine contain histologically?

A

Thick mucosa

Crypts

Mucous secreting cells

40
Q

What part of the GI tract is the following?

A

Large intestine

41
Q

What are some glands of the GI tract?

A

Salivary glands (in head/neck bodies)

Pancreas

Liver

42
Q

What is the secretory component of exocrine glands?

A

Acinar

43
Q

What are the 3 major pairs of salivary glands?

A

Parotid

Submandibular

Sublinguinal

44
Q

What does this histological image show?

A

Pancreas

45
Q

What is 1?

A

Islet of Langerhans (no endocrine part so no acini)

46
Q

What is 2?

A

Exocrine part of pancreas, contains pancreatic acini

47
Q

What is 3?

A

Pancreatic duct (for exocrine part)

48
Q

What does this histological image show?

A

Liver

07. Year 2: Alimentary System (41 decks)

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