Abnormalities Of The Breast And Regional Lymph

Question 1

Dimpling

Answer 1

Suggest cancer (a sign of skin retraction)

Question 2

Peau d’Orange

Answer 2

orange peel look –> cancer (lymphatic obstruction produces edema, exaggerating the hair follicles giving the orange peel look).

Question 3

Nipple Retraction

Answer 3

Recent retraction -> cancer

Question 4

Nipple inversion

Answer 4

Long-term nipple inversion -> normal variation

Question 5

Prominent Venous Pattern

Answer 5

Breast tumor

Question 6

Paget Disease

Answer 6

• type of breast cancer.
• presents as a lesion on the nipple, usually with clear, yellow discharge or scaling crusts that later changes to a bloody discharge.
• eczema like dermatitis with erythema.

Question 7

Fibrocystic Breast Disease or Benign Breast Disease causes

Answer 7

1. Swelling and tenderness (cyclic discomfort)
2. Mastalgia (severe pain - both cyclic and noncyclic)
3. Nodularity - significant lumpiness (cyclic and noncyclic)
4. Dominant lumps (cysts and fibroadenomas)
5. Nipple discharge (duct ectasia)
6. Infections and inflammations (mastitis, abscess)

Question 8

Mastitis

Answer 8

• an inflammatory, tender, red, hard mass.

- Usually an infection or stasis of a plugged duct during breastfeeding

Question 9

Gynecomastia

Answer 9

• enlarged breast tissue in males, very common during adolescence.
• In males beyond adolescence consider hormonal imbalance, chronic diseases, and drug/medication reactions