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Mod 5: Digital Techniques > 5.1 > Flashcards

5.1 Flashcards

1
Q

List the advantages of an electronic instrument system over Electro-mechanical instruments? (3)

A
  1. Dramatically improved pilot situational awareness
  2. Reduction in instrument count and wiring has reduced weight with increased reliability and maintainability.
  3. The improved presentation of information has reduced pilot fatigue and improved efficiency and safety.
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2
Q

What are the types of data recieved by an EFIS SG?

(SG = Symbol Generator)

A

An analog to digital converter is used to convert voltage data and synchro data into digital data. Multiplexing is used to convert discrete data in to digital data.

It recieves digital data which is then sent to CRT screens

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3
Q

What types and how many of each type of control panels would be found in an EFIS System?

A

The Electronic Flight Instrument Systems consist of:

Primary Flight Display (PFD) or EADI (Electronic Artificial Direction indicator)

Navigation Display (ND) or EHSI (Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator)

1 screen on each side

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4
Q

What are typical functions on EFIS control panels?

A
  • PFD/ND pushbutton which interchanges images
  • PFD potentiometer switchs PFD display unit on or off and controls the brightness in conjunction with the automatic brightness control system
  • ND inner potentiometer switches the ND display Unit on or off and controls general adjustment of display brightness.
  • The outer potentiometer only adjusts the brightness of the weather radar image
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5
Q

How many screens are typically associated with the EFIS and what are they called?

A

2 for both captain and co-pilot

PFD (EADI)

Primary Flight Display (Electronic Artificial Direction Indicator)

ND (EHSI)

Navigation Display (Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator)

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6
Q

Where does the EFIS get navigation and route data for display on its EHSI?

A

From it’s corresponding DMC

DMC 1 for captains side + top ECAM screen E/WD

DMC 2 for F/O’s EFIS side + bottom ECAM screen Systems /Status

DMC 3 for standby

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7
Q

What is ROSE Mode for the EHSI?

A

3 ROSE modes

Rose ILS / Rose VOR / Rose NAV

…

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8
Q

What is ARC mode for EHSI?

A

IN ARC mode the ND (EHSI) displays an ARC 90 degrees wide that corresponds with magnetic heading

Four circle arcs give quarter ranges as selected by the range switch

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9
Q

What is Plan Mode for the EHSI?

A

In PLAN mode a fixed area of the ND (EHSI) is used to display a ‘‘North Up’’ oriented Map of the flight plan showing way-points and airports, and other information that can be selected from the Options Keys.

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10
Q

What instruments are included in a ‘‘6 pack’’?

A

Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Direction Indicator, Altitude

Turn & bank indicator, Direction indicator, VSI

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11
Q

Which instruments are not included in the basic ‘T’ but form part of the ‘6 pack’?

A

Turn and Bank Indictor

Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)

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12
Q

Which instruments make up the basic ‘T’ shape?

A

Airspeed indicator, Attitude direction indicator, Altimeter

Direction Indicator

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13
Q

What does EIS stand for and involve?

A

EIS = Electronic Instrument System

Includes all 6 screens in cockpit

PFD, ND ECAM (E/WD & Systems Status) ND PFD

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14
Q

Name all screens in cockpit?

Which ones are EFIS

A

EFIS = PFD (EADI) & ND (EHSI)

ECAM OR EICAS = E/WD & systems status

another EFIS on F/O side

ECAM = Electonic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring

EICAS = Electronic Indicating and Crew Alerting System

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

The unit in an EFIS that recieves and processes the input signals from the aircraft and engine sensors and sends it to the appropriate display is the _____

A

Symbol Generator (SG)

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17
Q

The two displays that are part of the EFIS are:

A
  1. Primary Flight Display (PFD) or EADI
  2. Navigation Display (ND) or EHSI
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18
Q

What are the advantages of EFIS: (3)

A
  1. Dramatically improved pilot situational awareness
  2. Reduction in instrument count and wiring has reduced weight with increased reliability and maintainability.
  3. The improved presentation of information has reduced pilot fatigue and improved efficiency and safety.
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19
Q

What do the following acrynoms stand for?

EICAS

ECAM

A

(Beoing) EICAS = Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System

(Airbus) ECAM = Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring

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20
Q

An EIS contains an AD converter?

What is AD stand for

A

Analog to Digital converter

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21
Q

majority of EFIS screens use ______

A

CRT (Cathode Ray Tubes)

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22
Q

What is an EADI?

A

EADI = Electronic Artificial Director Indicator = PFD = outboard

EHSI = Electronic Horizontal Situation indicator = ND = inboard

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23
Q

How are DMC’s along with their SG’s configured?

A

SG 1 controls captains EFIS screens and upper ECAM (E/WD)

SG 2 controls F/O’s EFIS screens and lower ECAM (Systems Status)

SG 3 is standby

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24
Q

What component is contained between EFIS and DMC?

A

SG (Symbol Generator)

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25
Q

What happens if you pull out the Baro Knob?

A

It will set it for a standard day (29.92 Hg 1013.2 Mb)

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26
Q

Where is wind direction displayed?

A

Wind direction is on ND (EHSI) of EFIS

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27
Q

Is weather information available on all ND modes?

A

Weather information is available on any ND mode except the PLAN mode

In PLAN mode a fixed area of the ND is used to display a ‘‘North Up’’ oriented Map of the flight plan showing way-points and airports, and other information that can be selected from the Options Keys

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28
Q

What is the DMC configuration?

A

DMC 1 = captains EFIS and Upper ECAM (E/WD)

DMC 2 = F/O’s EFIS and lower ECAM (Systems Status)

DMC 3 = standby

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29
Q

What instruments are included in a ‘‘6 pack’’

Which ones form part of the basic ‘T’ and which don’t

A

Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Director Indicator, Altitude

Turn and bank, Direction Indicator (HSI), VSI

Basic ‘T’ includes Airspeed, Attitude Director, Altitude & Direction

Not in T are Turn and bank & VSI

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30
Q

How is voltage data and synchro data converted into digital data?

A

analog to digital converter

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31
Q

Where abouts is the Symbol Generator located?

A

Betweent the DMC and EFIS

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32
Q

What will the following do on the EFIS control panel?

a) Pulling the STD knob?
b) Pressing the ILS button?

A

a) Puts Baro setting to STD or QNE (29.92 Hg)
b) Puts G/S and Localiser on PDF

33
Q

Weather information is available in any ND (EHSI) mode except the _____ mode

A

PLAN mode

34
Q

What do the numbers at the top left of the ND screen represent?

in the form XXX / XXX

A
35
Q

FIll in parameters on E/WD screen

A
36
Q

What is displayed at the bottom of the Systems/Status ECAM page?

A

Permenant data (time, SAT, TAT etc)

37
Q

How many SDAC (System Data Acquisition Concentrator) is required?

A

One SDAC can serve all the DMC’s and FWC’s

2 SDAC’s (One on and One standby)

38
Q

What happens in the event of turning off an ECAM display during flight?

A

In the off position the EIS is reconfigured as for a DU failure.

If one ECAM Display is lost the remaining one shows the E/WD

39
Q

What do the ‘Emer Canc’ & ‘RCL’ buttons do?

A

‘Emer Canc’ will cancel all present:
aural warnings

Master warning light

Amber master caution and ECAM messages for cautions

Red warning messages will remain to be displayed on ECAM

The EMER CANC inhibition can be manually restored by pressing the RCL button for more than 3 seconds

40
Q

What happens with Single Display Unit Operation?

(Only one ECAM screen working)

A
41
Q

Which screens will automatically transfer if failure occurs and which are transferrable?

A
42
Q

What does a diagonal line through an EIS screen mean?

A

screen INOP

43
Q

The ____ gives _____ info which then goes through a ____ and onto screen

A

The SDAC gives DMC info which then goes through a SG and onto screen

44
Q

‘EMER CANC’ button when pressed ….

A

Red warning messages stay displayed on ECAM

Aural warnings, master caution, master warning lights and amber caution messages are all cleared

Can only redo with RCL

45
Q

Name all the ECAM system status pages? (11)

A
46
Q

What is the function of the RANGE Switch on the EFIS control panel?

A

The distance ahead of the aircraft for which navigation and weather data in nautical miles will be displayed is selected by the RANGE switch

47
Q

What is the difference between a PFD and an EADI?

A

Same thing

PFD = Primary Flight Display

EADI = Electronic Artificial Direction Indicator

PFD = airbus

EADI = Boeing

48
Q

How is Baro Pressure selected and where is Baro information displayed?

A

The Baro is selected by rotation of the Baro Select Knob.

Pulling the Baro Knob selects standard pressure of 1013.25 hectopascals

Located on EFIS control panel

49
Q

On which display is short term control information displayed?

A

Primary Flight Display (PFD) — Airbus

Electronic Artificial Direction Indicator (EADI) — Boeing

50
Q

What is the difference between an ND and an EHSI?

A

No difference

ND = Navigation Display ( Airbus)

EHSI = Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (Boeing)

51
Q

What information is displayed on an E/W display?

A

E/W dispaly = Engine Warning Display

Primary Engine Indication (EPR, N1, EGT)

Flaps/Slat position

Total Fuel

Optimum Thrust

Memo/warning/cautions

messages

52
Q

What information is displayed on a SD?

A

The lower display of the ECAM is the System Display

Permanent Data at the bottom

53
Q

What information is displayed on the Status Page?

A

Status Page is available by pressing ‘Sts’ button on for SD(Lower ECAM screen)

It is used by the flight crew to determine if the aircraft is ready for dispatch

If no messages are available on status page, the ‘‘Normal’’ message is displayed for 5 seconds

54
Q

What is ‘‘Advisory’’ mode?

A
55
Q

What is the function of the DMC’s?

A

The DMC’s collect the inputs from all of these sources and consolidates it for transmission on high speed busses to the Display Units that contain the Symbol Generators.

56
Q

What displays are driven by DMC 1?

A

DMC 1 controls the Captain’s EFIS which consists of the PFD and ND.

It also drives the E/WD (Engine Warning Display) of ECAM

57
Q

What must DMC 3 be able to do over and above the other DMC’s?

A

DMC 3 is a standby that replaces DMC 1 or 2 should either fail.

Note: DMC 3 MUST BE SELECTED MANUALLY. IT WILL NOT AUTOMATICALLY REPLACE DMC 1 OR 2 IN THE EVENT OF A FAILURE.

Airbus NORM =/= AUTO

58
Q

What type of information is sent to the FWC’s?

A

FWC = Flight Warning Computer (Airbus)

Receives info from SDAC (System Data Acquisition Concentrator) which includes:

Warning signals

Audio and visuals during flight phase.

59
Q

What does the FWC do with the data it receives?

A

The FWC receives Warning signals directly from the aircraft systems and generates all Warning messages. It also computes “Flight Phases” and controls the associated Audio and Visual attention getters.

60
Q

What information is sent to the SDAC’s?

A

Airbus => SDAC = System Data Acquisition Concentrator

data = inputs from aircraft systems and engines

SDAC accepts data in various forms and converts it into ARINC 429 serial bus format for transmission to the DMC’s and to FWC

61
Q

Which computers use SDAC data?

A

Airbus = SDAC (System Data Acquisition Concentrator)

One SDAC and one standby

FWC and DMC 1 and 2 use SDAC data

(DMC 3 in event of failure of 1 and 2)

62
Q

What happens if SDAC 1 fails?

A

Airbus

SDAC = System Data Acquisition Concentrator

SDAC 2 will take over

63
Q

What happens if the pilot places the Upper ECAM Display ‘‘Dim/Brt’’ Switch to ‘‘OFF’’?

A

If the Engine Warning Display Unit fails or is set to off, its image will be automatically transferred to the System/Status Display Unit. (SD)

64
Q

Which ECAM displays have priority?

A

The Engine Warning Display (E/W) has priority

65
Q

How may the pilot display SD information after the SD has failed?

A

Airbus - SD = System Display

By holding the particular button (APU/HYD/ etc)

66
Q

Which EICAS computer normally controls the EICAS screens?

A

Boeing - EICAS = Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System

3 rotary knob - ‘‘L’’ ‘‘AUTO’’ ‘‘R’’

When the switch is in the AUTO position, the left computer will normally drive the EICAS displays. If the left computer fails, the system automatically switches to the right Computer.

LEFT computer

67
Q

What happens to old Auto Event Data when new Auto Event Data is to be recorded?

A

All Auto Events must be cleared before each flight to allow new Auto Event Recording to occur. Otherwise the Auto Event Recording will be blocked.

68
Q

On which maintenance pages are manual event parameters recorded by:

a) The pilot
b) Maintenance Staff

A

All 3 maintenance pages can be manually recorded by either the pilot or maintenance staff

  1. ELEC / HYD
  2. ECS/MSG
  3. PERF/APU
69
Q

What types of messages are found on the ECS/MSG page?

A

parameters of the air cycle cooling pack
and the zone temperature control system.

also displays maintenance messages (most cases repeat of the status messages)

70
Q

Which maintenance screen should not be erased?

A

ENG/EXC page

It records engine parameters continuously for trend monitoring. Do Not press ERASE

71
Q

What is essential about Auto Events prior to dispatch of an aircraft?

A

Must be erased before flight

otherwise auto event recording will block

72
Q

What aircraft parameters are tested when the ‘‘TO Config’’ switch is pressed?

A

Simulates Take off condition

Checks:

Flaps and Slats

Pitch trim

Speed brakes (must be retracted)
One door not closed

Wheel brake overheat

One sidestick INOP

73
Q

In EICAS, what screens can be presented on the lower display and when can each be displayed?

A

EICAS = Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System (Boeing)

Maintenance panels from the Mx mode beside F/O

  1. APU/PERF
  2. ELEC/HYD
  3. ECS/MSG
  4. ENG / EXC
  5. CONFIGURATION / MAINTENANCE
74
Q

If fifteen messages are currently being displayed on EICAS, which messages are on page 2?

A

The alert message field is limited to 11 messages per page, there are situations where more than one page of alert messages can exist.

In this case, each actuation of the cancel switch causes the next page of messages to be displayed, until the message area blanks.

4 most unimportant messages on 2nd page as Warnings take priority over cautions over advisories (indented)

75
Q

What happens when the ‘‘Caution Cancel’’ Button is pressed?

A

if more than 11 messages on Upper DU, Cancel button will go to the next page or clear above

Pressing Cancel button otherwise removes cautions and advisories but has no effect on warning messages. Will still be displayed, bell or Master switches will be switched off

RECALL recalls previously cancelled cautions and advisories

76
Q

What are the three principal PFD (Primary Flight Display) functions which can be performed on EFIS control panel?

A
  1. ILS
  2. FD (Flight Director)
  3. Baro Select Knob (Pull for STD day)
77
Q

What mode of operation would cause a parameter on an ECAM system page to blink or pulse?

A

Advisory mode (value drifts out of parameters)

78
Q

How many maintenance pages are ‘‘Snapped’’ when the pilot presses the ‘‘Event Record’’ button?

A

Pilot = all 3 pages are recorded (1.PERF/APU, 2. ELEC/HYD, 3. ECS)

Maintenance Engineers = only page displayed is captured.

Mod 5: Digital Techniques (4 decks)

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