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BIO 105 > Chap 11 endocrine system > Flashcards

Chap 11 endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

regulation

A

Metabolic rate–Water and mineral balance–Immune system reactions–Sexual functioning

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2
Q

organs

A

Adrenal glands–Ovaries–Pancreas (islets of Langerhans)–Parathyroid glands–Pineal gland–Pituitary gland–Testes-Thymus gland–Thyroid gland

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3
Q

edema

A

excessive fluid in body tissues

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4
Q

syndrome

A

group of symptoms and signs that combine to present a clinical picture of disease or condition

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5
Q

diabetes

A

.

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6
Q

dwarfism

A

hyposecretion of growth hormone in children; causes short stature

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7
Q

giantism

A

hypersecretion of growth hormone in child; results in very tall adult

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8
Q

goiter

A

enlarged thyroid gland

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9
Q

2 types of glands

A

exocrine

endocrine

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10
Q

exocrine

A

Release secretions into duct that carries them to outside of body

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11
Q

endocrine

A

Release hormones directly into bloodstream

no ducts

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12
Q

glands

A 
adrenal
parathyroid
pancreas
pineal
pituitary
ovaries
testes
thymus
thyroid
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13
Q

adrenal

A

cortex

medulla

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14
Q

cortex

A

corticosteroids

Steroid hormones

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15
Q

3 types of corticosteroids

A

Mineralocorticoids –Glucocorticoids –Steroid sex hormones

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16
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

regulates sodium and potassium

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17
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

regulates carbs

18
Q

Steroid sex hormones

A

Regulate secondary sexual characteristics

19
Q

medulla

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

20
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Increases blood pressure–Increases heart rate–Increases respiration rate

21
Q

ovaries

A

estrogen and progesterone

22
Q

estrogen

A

Female sexual characteristics –Regulation of menstrual cycle

23
Q

progesterone

A

Maintains suitable uterine environment for pregnancy

24
Q

pancreas

A

endocrine and exocrine protion

25
Q

endocrine portion

A

Releases digestiveenzymes

26
Q

exocrine poriton

A

Produce insulin and glucagon

27
Q

insulin

A

Produced by beta cells–Stimulates cells of body to take in glucose from bloodstream–Lowers blood sugar level–Occurs after eating a meal and absorbing carbohydrates

28
Q

glucagen

A

Produced by alpha cells–Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream–Raises blood sugar levels–Occurs when body needs more glucose

29
Q

Parathyroid Glands

A

parathyroid hormone

30
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

Regulates level of calcium in bloodstream

31
Q

pineal gland

A

melatonin

32
Q

melatonin

A

plays a role in regulating body’s circadianrhythm

33
Q

pituitary gland

A

Divided into anterior and posteriorlobes

34
Q

anterior lobe pituitary

A

somatotropin (stimulates cells to grow and divide)
Prolactin (stimulates milk production)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin)

35
Q

Anterior Pituitary

master gland

A 
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (Regulates function of thyroid gland)
Adrenocorticotropin hormone (Regulates function of adrenal cortex)
Gonadotropins
36
Q

Gonadotropins

A 
Follicle-stimulating hormone (Responsible for development of ova and sperm –Also stimulates ovary to secrete estrogen)
Luteinizing hormone (Stimulates secretion of sex hormones  –Plays a role in releasing ova in females)
37
Q

posterior pituitary

A

Antidiuretichormone (Promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubules)
Oxytocin (Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery–After birth stimulates release of milk from breast)

38
Q

testes

A

testosterone (Produces male secondary sexual characteristics –Regulates sperm production)

39
Q

thymus gland

A

thymosin (Essential for growth and development of thymic lymphocytes or T cells–Critical part of body’s immune system)

40
Q

thyroid gland

A

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) (Regulate energy production–Adjust metabolic rate)
calcitonin (regulates calcium in bloodtsream)

BIO 105 (14 decks)

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