UNIT 1: (1.6) Respiration Flashcards
what is energy measured in?
joules (J)
kilojoules (kJ)
measurements of heat energy
how can chemical energy in food be changed into heat energy?
by burning food in a calorimeter
what is the process of energy release called?
respiration
what does ATP stand for?
adenosine triphosphate
what is ATP?
- found in all living cells
- energy-rich molecule containing chemical energy which cells can use immediately
what is ATP composed of?
- one adenosine molecule
- 3 molecules of inorganic phosphate (Pi)
what is the reversible reaction written as?
ATP (high energy state) ——> ADP + Pi ( low energy
what can ATP produce energy for?
- muscular contraction
- cell division
- synthesis of proteins
- transmission of nerve impulses
- active uptake of ions and molecules
- carbon fixation during photosynthesis
what is respiration?
the process by which energy is released during the breakdown of glucose.
what is the energy made by respiration used for?
used to synthesise ATP
were does respiration begin?
cytoplasm
what is glycolysis?
when each molecule of glucose is broken down by a series of enzyme controlled reactions to form two molecules of pyruvate
how much ATP is produced per glucose molecule?
2 molecules of ATP
what is the location of respiration in the presence of oxygen?
mitochondrion
