Chapter 2 Flashcards
Tsunami
Harbor wave
Surge of seawater generated from offshore earthquake
Matter
Occupies space
Solid, liquid, gas
Chemistry
Ways matter interact with each other
Law of conservation of matter
Matter may be transformed from one type of substance into others, but it cannot be created or destroyed
Uranium
Fukushima used to power nuclear reactors
Element
Fundamental type of matter, cannot be broken down (has same properties)
Elements abundant on our planet
Oxygen, hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, carbon
Atoms
Smallest units that maintain chemical properties of the element
Protons
Positively charged particles
Neutrons
Particles with no electrical charge
Electrons
Negatively charges particles
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons
Placement in atom
Protons and neutrons stay in nucleus and elections move about the nucleus
Radioisotopes
Radioactive
“Decay” she’d subatomic particles and emit high-energy radiation
Greatest danger of radioisotopes
Lungs, skin, digestive system
Stable isotopes
Not radioactive anymore
Half life
The amount of time it takes for one half the atoms to give off radiation and decay
Ions
Electrically charged atoms or combinations of atoms
Ionizing radiation
Damaging radiation emitted by radioisotopes
Molecules
Combinations of two or more atoms
Compound
Molecule composed of two or more different elements ( water, CO2)
Covalent bond
Electrons are shared between atoms
Hydrogen bond
Weak
Partial negative and partial positive on each end (holds water together)
Ionic bonds
Strength of attraction between compounds is unequal- electron is transferred
Table salt