Pediatrics

Question 1

What can influence drug absorption from the IM site in premature infants compared to older children & adults?

Answer 1

Differences in muscle mass

Poor perfusion to muscles

Peripheral vasomotor instability

Insufficient muscular contractions

Question 2

Premature infants require a larger ______ ________ than older children to achieve a therapeutic serum concentration of drugs s/a phenobarbital & phenytoin

Answer 2

loading dose

Question 3

What is the MC & reliable method used to determine the proper dose for a pediatric patient?

Answer 3

Body weight

Question 4

What is considered the least reliable method to determine the proper dose for a pediatric patient?

Answer 4

Age

Question 5

What is Clark’s Rule-Weight?

Answer 5

(Child’s wt in lb / 150 lb) x adult dose

Used very often

Question 6

What is Age-fried’s rule?

Answer 6

(Age in months / 150) x adult dose

Rarely used, should be limited to pts under 2 yo

Question 7

What is Age-young’s rule?

Answer 7

(Age in years / age in years + 12) x adult dose

May be used for 1-12 yo

Question 8

How can you calculate body surface area (BSA) ?

Answer 8

Using a nomogram

Question 9

BSA is measured in units of….

Answer 9

Meters squared (M2)

Therefore dosage of meds are in units per M2

Question 10

Which units are most commonly used?

Answer 10

Units/kg

Question 11

What is a major point of error w/ pediatric dosing?

Answer 11

Not looking to see if amount is per day or per dose

Question 12

What should you always include on the label when writing a pediatric Rx?

Answer 12

the indication!

Question 13

What should you limit w/ pediatric dosing?

Answer 13

memorization

Look them up every time!