Respiratory

Question 1

What is normal RR

Answer 1

12-20 in adults

Question 2

Whats tachypnic

Answer 2

over 20

Question 3

Whats bradypnic

Answer 3

under 20

Question 4

What are some topics that needs to be asked about for the health history

Answer 4

family hsitory
medications 
life style and habits 
occupational history
environmental exposures 
Immunizations 
Travelling or immagration

Question 5

What are some life span and cultural decisions

Answer 5

body size
infants have narrow ariways so if nose or mouth is blocked then diff breathign
elders have decreased lung volume and weaker lung muscles
Pregnant women have dcreased lung volume from pressure from the fetus and diff breathing bx increased vascular volume

Question 6

For general assessment, what is the order of types of assessments

Answer 6

inspection
palpation
auscultation

Question 7

What equipment is needed for the assessment

Answer 7

stethoscope

Question 8

What is a normal anteroposterior to transverse diameter

Answer 8

1:2

Question 9

For inspection, what are some things to look for in adults, infants, children, and COPD patient

Answer 9

adults- common S/S like accessory muscle use, forward leaning, labored breathing
Infants- nasal flaring and retractions
Child- excessory muscle use, and head bobbing back and forth

Question 10

For inspection of the integumentary sys what are you looking for

Answer 10

cyanosis
pallor
erythema
in the lips, nails, fiingers and toes

Question 11

What are we assessing for in the neck

Answer 11

tracheal deviation

Question 12

What are we inspecting in the chest

Answer 12

retractions
symmetry
trauma
deformities- like excavatum/carinatum and scoliotic changes

Question 13

When auscultating, how do we tell the patient to breath

Answer 13

slow and deep through the mouth

Question 14

where would you see crackles/rails

Answer 14

lower lungs probs in the vasicular tissue

Question 15

Where would you hear Rhonci

Answer 15

in the bronchus area

Question 16

What does crackles/rails indicate

Answer 16

fluid

Question 17

What do rhonci indicate

Answer 17

narrowed airways as a result of secretions, swelling or tumors

Question 18

Where can you hear wheezes

Answer 18

all over the lungs

Question 19

What do wheezes indicate

Answer 19

constricted bronchus as a result of secretions, swellings or tumors

Question 20

Where do you hear rubs

Answer 20

in areas with the most thoracic expansion like the lower anterior and lateral chest

Question 21

what does rubs indicate

Answer 21

inflamed pleural surfaces rubbing together

Question 22

How do you assess a patient for scoliosis

Answer 22

observe from the back and ask the patient to bend foward and twist side to side

Question 23

How to palpate the thorax for expansion

Answer 23

place hands flat on the body with the thumb and index finger on the edge of the rib cage with thumbs close together then observe your hands move as the pt takes breathes

Question 24

Where are tactile fremitus usually heard best

Answer 24

at the apex of the lungs

Question 25

What are tactile fremitus

Answer 25

faintly perceptable vibrations through the chest wall

Question 26

What are the steps for assessign the anterior thorax

Answer 26

inspect breathing patterns
inspect the costal angle 
palpate 
palp for excursions 
palp and observe chest expansion
palp for fremitus 
ausc trachea
ausc everywhere else in pattern

Question 27

What is a consideration for infants

Answer 27

their thorax is round so they dont have a 1:2 ratio f