Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

During contraction of muscle Ca levels increase or decrease intracellularly?

A

Increase, once the contracion is over Ca returns to the sarcoplasmic Reticulium

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2
Q

What are the 6 types of Ca Channels?

A

L N P Q R T

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3
Q

Type L 5 sub units?

A

Alpha 1( main pathway) Alpha 2 Beta Gama Delta

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4
Q

3 types of Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Phenylalkylamines Benzothazepines DHP’s (1,4-Dihydropyridines)

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5
Q

Verapamil is a ?

A

Phenylalkylamines

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6
Q

Nifedipine is a ?

A

DHP’s (1,4-Dihydropyridines)

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7
Q

Diltiazem is a ?

A

Benzothazepines

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8
Q

Nicardipine is a ?

A

DHP’s (1,4-Dihydropyridines)

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9
Q

Amlodipine is a ?

A

DHP’s (1,4-Dihydropyridines)

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10
Q

NON DHP’s (1,4-Dihydropyridines) Diltiazem and Verapamil cause

A

Negative inotropic, chronotopic and dromotropic effect and a Positive lusitropic effect (Relaxation effect)

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11
Q

Ca Blockers decreased Perif vascualr Resistance by ?

A

Arteriole dilation, do not effect venous tone

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12
Q

Ca Blockers cause?

A

Decrease coronary vascular resistance, and increase coronary blood flow

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13
Q

KNOW THIS CHART

A
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14
Q

Beta Blockers can be used with which Ca Blockers?

A

DHP’s

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15
Q

Common Uses for Ca Blockers

A

Angina (vasospastic or exertional)

Unstable Angina

PSVT

HTN

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ( Nimodipine)

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16
Q

Common Side Effects of Ca Blockers

A

Orthostatic HTN

Bradycardia

perif. edema

Dizziness

HA

Flushing and N/V

17
Q

Increased AV Block can occur with Beta Blocker and Ca channel blocker concomitent use unless which Ca blocker catagory is used?

A

DHP’s

18
Q

Name 3 DHP’s

A

Nifedipine, Nicardipine, Nimodipine

19
Q

DHP’s cause the following hemodynamically?

A

Drop in BP

increase in HR (baroreceptor response)

Increased contractility

increase in CO

20
Q

Phenylalkylamines Name them

A

Verapamil is the only one

21
Q

Caution using Verapamil in patients using?

A

Beta Blockers and Digoxin

22
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS

of

Verapamil

A

WPW

Sick sinus syndrome

AV block

Heart Failure

23
Q

Verapamil Dose

A

Initial dose: 5 to 10 mg IV bolus over at least 2 minutes
Repeat dose: 10 mg, 30 minutes after the first dose if the initial response is not adequate

24
Q

Diltiazem Dose

A

initially 0.25 mg/kg over 2 min. If inadequate give 0.35 mg/kg over 2 min-15 min after 1st dose.

25
Q

Nifedipine Dose

A

Extended release tablets: 30 to 60 mg orally once a day
Immediate release capsules: 10 mg orally 3 times a day

26
Q

Nicardipine Dose

A

Initial dose: 5 mg/hour by IV infusion
may be increased by 2.5 mg/hour every 5 minutes to a max dose of 15 mg/hour, until desired blood pressure reduction is achieved.

27
Q

Amlodipine Dose

A

2.5 - 10 mg PO QD

28
Q

Nimodipine Dose

A

IV : For the first two hours of treatment 1 mg/5ml/hr of nimodipine IV
After 2 hours to 2 mg/10ml/hr provided no severe decrease in blood pressure is observed