Design of products

Question 1

Descripe Robust Design

Answer 1

• product is designed so that small variations in production or assembly do not adversely affect the product
• typically results in lower cost and higher quality

Question 2

Describe Modular Design

Answer 2

• products designed in easily segmented components
• adds flexibility to both production and marketing
• improved ability to satisfy customer requirements
  (HIGH IMPORTANCE IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY)

Question 3

Describe Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Answer 3

• using computer to design products and prepare engineering documents
• shorter development cycles, improved accuracy, lower cost
• information and design can be deployed worldwide

Question 4

Describe Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Answer 4

• utilising specialised computers and program to control manufacturing equipment
• often driven by CAD Systems

Question 5

What are the Benefits of CAD/CAM

Answer 5

1. Product quality
2. Shorter design time
3. production cost reduction
4. database availability
5. new range of capabilities

(support for lot size = 1 -> industry 4.0)

Question 6

Describe Virtual reality technology

Answer 6

• used to develop an interactive 3D Model of a product (based on CAD Data)
• preview of the product before a physical model is built
• very effective in large-scale design such as plant layout

Question 7

Value Analysis

Answer 7

• focuses on design improvement during production ( also in preproduction phase)
• looking for improvements for a better product or more economically production

Question 8

Goals for Ethical and Environmentally Friendly Design

Answer 8

1. Develop safe and more environmentally sound products
2. minimise waste of raw materials and energy
3. reduce environmental liabilities
4. increase cost-effectiveness of complying environmental regulations
5. be recognised as a good corporate citizen

Question 9

guideline for environmentally friendly design

Answer 9

1. Make products recyclable
2. use recycled materials
3. use less harmful ingredients
4. use lighter components
5. use less energy
6. use less material

Question 10

Defining a product

Answer 10

• first definition is in terms of functions
• specifications are developed during design phase
• manufactured products will have engineering drawings (showing dimensions, tolerances and materials)
• bill of material (BOM) lists the components of a product, hierarchy, quantities and where were used (product structure)

Question 11

definition “Group Technology”

Answer 11

• parts grouped into families with similar characteristics
• coding system describes processing and physical characteristics (size, shape)
• parts families can be produced in dedicated manufacturing cells

Question 12

Benefits of “Group Technology”

Answer 12

1. Improved design
2. reduced raw material and purchases
3. simplified production planning and control
4. improved layout, routing and machine loading
5. reduced tooling setup time, work-in-process and production time

Question 13

Assisting documents for manufacturing

Answer 13

• assembly drawing
• assembly chart
• route sheet
• work order
• engineering change notices