Chapter 10 - Human information processing

Question 1

What factors affect attention and vigilance?

Answer 1

Environmental - Noise/temperature etc

Physiological - sleep loss, high blood pressure etc

Task factors - frequency of signals

Question 2

What is the effect of high arousal on response?

Answer 2

it leads to faster but less accurate response

Question 3

How long does information stay in the sensory store via the visual channel?

Answer 3

0.5 - 1s

Question 4

How much information comes through the visual channel?

Answer 4

80%

Question 5

How long does information stay in the sensory store if it has entered through the auditory channel?

Answer 5

2-8s

Question 6

What are the features of working memory?

Answer 6

Can store 7 +/- 2 bits of info

lasts about 10-20 seconds

is highly sensitive to interruption

Question 7

How can we improve our working memory?

Answer 7

chunking

associating

mnemonics

Question 8

What are the 3 different info stores?

Answer 8

sensory store

working memory

long term memory

Question 9

What is the capacity of the long term memory?

Answer 9

unlimited

Question 10

What are the components of long term memory?

Answer 10

Semantic memory - meaning of words;general knowledge

Episodic memory - personal experience

Procedural memory - motor programmes

SEP

Question 11

What is experience bias?

Answer 11

A tendency to distort recalled events to make them fit ones expectations

Question 12

What happens to the performance of pilots as they age?

Answer 12

It decreases by a very small amount if at all