Section 1 - Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is Molecular Formula?
The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
What is Displayed Formula?
Shows how the atoms are arranged and all the bonds between them.
What is Structural Formula?
Shows the atoms carbon by carbon with the attached hydrogens and functional groups.
Define Homologous Series
Families of compounds which contain groups of atoms that react in certain ways (functional groups) and differ by having an extra CH2 in the molecule.
What is General Formula?
Algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds.
What is Empirical Formula?
Simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
What is Skeletal Formula?
Shows the bonds of the carbon skeleton only with any functional groups.
What is isomerism?
Two molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms.
What are the two types of isomerism?
Structural and Stereo.
What is structural isomerism?
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures.
Define chain isomers.
Structural isomers that differ by having a different carbon chain.
Define position isomers.
Structural isomers that differ by having the same functional group in a different position.
Define functional group isomers.
Structural isomers that differ by having different function groups.
What is stereoisomerism?
Molecules with the same molecular structural formulae but a different spatial arrangement of atoms.
Define geometric isomerism.
Molecules which have different arrangements of groups around C=C.
