(8) Eyewitness Testimony Flashcards
What is a line up procedure?
- Recognition test
- 6 person photo line up
- Innocent fillers use to match description
What is a correct ID?
Identifying the guilty suspect
What is a false ID?
Identifying an innocent suspect
What is a miss?
Did not identify anyone even though the suspect was in the line up
What is a correct rejection?
Did not identify anyone when the suspect WASNT in the line up
What happened when Ted Bundy was not identified in a line up?
Went on to kill 9 more women
What is discrimiability in identifying a suspect?
- Ability to distinguish innocent from guilty suspects
- Measured by the receiver operating (ROC) characteristic analysis
- Policymakers
What is reliability in identifying a suspect?
- Likelihood of identified suspect is the perpetrator
- Measured by confidence-accuracy characteristics (CAC) analysis
- Judges and jurors
Loftus and Palmer EWT (1974) study
- Watch video of car accident
- Answer questions about the accident
- “how fast were the cars going…”
- “Did you see any broken glass?”
- Found that more people reported broken glass when the word smashed was used
Thompson and Cotton case study
- Thompson intially chose two pictures, one of which was Cotton.
- She examined those two pictures for 4-5 minutes and then said: “Yeah. This is the one…I think this is the guy.”
- Thompson’s low-confidence initial ID illustrates how reliable eyewitness memory is
- Positive feedback used
What is weapon focus?
Focus on weapon
What is exposure duration?
Time length of exposure to perp
What is cross racial bias?
People more accurate recognizing faces of same-race people than another race
What is distinctiveness of Perpetrator
How unusual looking the perp is
Palmer, Brewer, Weber & Nagesh (2013) ROC & CAC analysis
- Study Phase: View a target for 5 s or 90 s
- Delay Test Phase: 6-person simultaneous lineup -½ target-present lineups and ½ target-absent lineups
- Collect confidence ratings on 100-point scale
- 90 secs better recognition
