Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

P- 2 - Ortho 2 > 1 - Hand And Wrist (1) > Flashcards

1 - Hand And Wrist (1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is location of insertion for flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Middle phalanx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the muscles in the compartment affected by DeQuervian Tenosynovitis?

A

Abductor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the muscles of the 1st tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pillicis brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the muscles of the 2nd tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the muscles of the 3rd tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Extensor pollicis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the muscles of the fourth tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Extensor digitorum

Extensor indicis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name muscles of the fifth tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Extensor digiti minimi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the muscles of the sixth tendon compartment of the wrist:

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which tendon compartments extend the wrist?

A

Two and six

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which tendon compartment extends all four fingers?

A

Four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are juncturae tendinum?

A

Tendon interconnections

Can complicate locating a specific injury

Kinda like collateral circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

For the proximal, middle, and distal phalanx, where are the growth plates?

A

On the proximal end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

For the metacarpals, which end is the growth plate on?

A

Distal end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lunate fx’s commonly produce what type of fx?

A

Die punch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hamate fx’s are commonly associated with which sport?

A

Tennis (FOOSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Triquetrum fx’s commonly produce what type of fx?

A

Avulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ganglion cysts commonly emerge as a result of a tear in the:

A

Scapholunate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Kienbock disease?

A

Idiopathic necrosis of the lunate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How will Kienbock disease appear on radiograph?

A

Sclerotic lunate (more radiopaque than the other carpals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the three areas that must be palpated as part of a wrist exam for suspected scaphoid fx?

A
  1. Snuffbox with wrist in ulnar deviation
  2. Dorsoradiocarpal joint at scapholunate interval
  3. Scaphoid tubercle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

DDx radial-sided wrist pain (list five):

A
  1. Thumb base (carpometacarpal joint 1) OA
  2. Scaphoid fx
  3. de Quervain tenosynovitis
  4. Intersection syndrome
  5. Scapholunate ligament insufficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

DDx ulnar-sided wrist pain (list six):

A
  1. TFCC injury
  2. DRUJ instability
  3. Ulnar impaction syndrome
  4. Kienbock disease
  5. Ulnar neuropathy at Guyon canal
  6. ECU tendon subluxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TFCC stands for:

A

Triangular fibrocartilage complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

DRUJ stands for:

A

Distal radioulnar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ECU stands for:

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the components of the TFCC?

A
  1. The articular disc
  2. The dorsal and volar radioulnar ligaments
  3. The meniscus homologue
  4. The extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath
  5. The ulnocarpal ligaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What tendons border the anatomical snuffbox:

A

Extensor pollicis brevis

Extensor pollicis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What intersection syndrome?

A

Pain due to inflammation at the crossing of extensor pollicis longus over extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Common in weigh lifters, d/t repetitive wrist extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Describe Dupuytren’s Contracture:

A

Thickened nodule on palmar aponeurosis, proximal to the MCP

Grade 1 - nodule
Grade 2 - some flexion
Grade 3 - full forced flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which type of arthritis often presents with ulnar deviation in late-stage dz?

A

RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which type of arthritis typically affects the PIPs and DIPs?

A

OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Thenar atropy is associated with which nerve?

A

Median

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Hypothenar atrophy is associated with which nerve?

A

Ulnar

34
Q

Two point discrimination of __mm is considered normal:

A

5

35
Q

In a nail injury, damage to the ___ ___ could result in permanent deformity

A

Germinal matrix

36
Q

What is a transverse physeal injury to the distal phalanx that may displace and require extraction of interposed nail matrix to prevent malunion?

A

Seymour fracture

37
Q

How are symptomatic subungal hematomas typically treated?

A

Decompression (punch a small hole in the nail, let the blood drain out)

Cautery, 18-gauge, whatever you got

38
Q

If the subungual hematoma is greater than __ %, must remove nail and repair underlying nail matrix lesion:

A

50

39
Q

When working on the nail, what three things must you consider first:

A
  1. Adequate anesthesia
  2. Hemostasis
  3. Sterile preparation of the finger
40
Q

What type of sutures are recommended when working in the nailbed?

A

Absorbable gut suture

41
Q

Wound management post-procedure (nail injuries):

A

Keep it clean and dry

Non-adherent sterile gauze

Xeroform dressing

Splint finger for protection

42
Q

What’s the MC pathogen in hand infections?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

43
Q

What is the paronychia?

A

The soft tissues directly surrounding the fingernail

44
Q

Felon vs herpatic whitlow - how to differentiate?

A

Small vesicles suggest herpetic whitlow

45
Q

Felons are characterized by:

A

Severe pain and swelling in the fingerpad

The entire pulp is swollen, erythematous, and tender

46
Q

Swelling associated with a felon or paronychia should not extend proximal to the __ __ __:

A

Distal flexion crease

If it does, possibly infection of tendon sheath

47
Q

What surgical procedure is commonly required for a felon?

A

I and D

Either central volar longitudinal or dorsal midaxial

48
Q

After and I and D for felon, do you suture the wound?

A

NO! Let that sucker drain, that’s why you cut ‘em.

Allow the wound to close by secondary intention

49
Q

Untreated felons can lead to:

A

Osteomyelitis of the distal phalanx

50
Q

Goals of treatment for finger amputations:

A

Provide a tip with good soft tissue coverage, adequate sensation, and to preserve as much length as is consistent with good function

51
Q

When should replantation be considered?

A

Thumb: amputated at or proximal to the IP-joint

Finger: amputated proximal to the middle of the middle phalanx, or when multiple fingers are amputated

52
Q

How to care for the amputated part?

A

Wrap in sterile gauze soaked in normal saline

Placed in plastic bag

Bag goes on ice

53
Q

What important of patient history must be obtained amidst the chaos of an amputation?

A

Tetanus immunization status

54
Q

Common adverse outcomes of amputations:

A 
Painful stump
Loss of motion, grip or pinch strength
Infection/necrosis
Cold sensitivity
CRPS
55
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis inserts:

A

On the middle phalanx

56
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus inserts:

A

On the distal phalanx

57
Q

What is Jersey Finger? Why is it called that?

A

Flexor tendon injury or rupture

Commonly occurs when a player grabs a jersey during football, rugby, etc

58
Q

The pt cannot flex at the DIP joint - which tendon is ruptured?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

59
Q

In an FDP rupture, a radiograph may show:

A

An avulsed fragment of the distal phalanx

60
Q

Loss of flexion and of grip and pinch strength in the involved and adjacent fingers suggests:

A

Flexor tendon injury

61
Q

Surgical exploration of flexor tendon injuries should be done how soon after the injury?

A

As soon as possible, within one week

62
Q

What is a boutonniere deformity?

A

Extension deformity at the PIP joint and hyperextension deformity at the DIP

63
Q

Boutonniere deformity is caused by a rupture of the:

A

Central portion of the extensor tendon at its insertion into the middle phalanx

64
Q

In a boutonniere injury, the PIP joint flexes from the unopposed pull of the:

A

Flexor tendon

65
Q

Tx for boutonniere:

A

PIP joint splinted in extension for 6 weeks in young people, 3 weeks in older folks

DIP is left free

66
Q

Describe de Quervain tenosynovitis

A

Swelling or stenosis of the sheath that surrounds the Abductor Pollicis Longus (APL) and Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB) tendons on the thumb side at the wrist (1st dorsal compartment)

67
Q

De Quervain tenosynovitis is commonly seen in:

A

The postpartum period (repetitive motion, picking up baby)

68
Q

What is the test used to evaluate for de Quervain tenosynovitis:

A

Finkelstein (fist the thumb, ulnar deviation, positive pain)

69
Q

Tx for de Quervain tenosynovitis:

A

2 wks NSAIDS

Spica splint

If that fails, steroid injection

70
Q

Dupuytren’s disease commonly seen in:

A

DM
Smoking
Repetitive trauma (vibration)

71
Q

Which finger is MC to Dupuytren?

A

4th digit

72
Q

Early stage Dupuytren appearance:

A

A palmar nodule that may resemble a callus

73
Q

Distal radial fx - articular step-off more than ___mm considered problematic:

A

2

74
Q

Describe mallet finger:

A

Caused by rupture or avulsion of the insertion of the extensor tendon at the base of the distal phalanx

75
Q

Name a possible adverse outcome of mallet finger:

A

Permanent flexion of the DIP joint

76
Q

How long to wear the stack splint for mallet finger?

A

6 to 8 weeks

77
Q

What is the most useful clinical test to assess carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Median nerve compression test

78
Q

What is Phalen Maneuver?

A

Place the wrists in flexion (pt pushes the dorsal aspects of the hands against each other) x 60 seconds

Aching and numbness within the median nerve root distribution is a positive test for carpal tunnel

79
Q

What is Tinel Sign?

A

Tapping over the median nerve producing tingling, in the digits of the median nerve distribution is positive test for carpal tunnel

80
Q

How do you count cows?

A

With a cowculator

P- 2 - Ortho 2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions