Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P I > Module 1 Exam > Flashcards

Module 1 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Define Anatomy

A

Form and structure of organs/systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Physiology

A

Function of organs/systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Levels of Organization (6)

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ system
  6. Organismal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chemical level

A
  • simplest level
  • involves atoms and moleculeus
  • atoms–molecules–macromolecules–organelles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cellular level

A
  • consists of cells

* smalles living structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tissue level

A

*groups of similar cells that perform common functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organ level

A

*contain 2 or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Organ system level

A

*related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve common function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Organismal level

A
  • highest level

* all body systems function interdependently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

6 Characteristics of life

A
  1. Organization
  2. Metabolism
  3. Growth and development
  4. Responsiveness
  5. Regulation
  6. Reproduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Organ systems (11)

A
  1. Integumentary system
  2. Muscular system
  3. Skeletal system
  4. Nervous system
  5. Endocrine system
  6. Lymphatic system
  7. Cardiovascular system
  8. Respiratory system
  9. Urinary system
  10. Digestive system
  11. Reproductive system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of integumentary system

A
  • protection
  • regulate body temp
  • site of cutaneous receptors and glands
  • synthesizes vit D
  • prevents water loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of muscular system

A
  • produces body movement

* generates heat w/ muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of nervous system

A
  • regulatory
  • controls muscles and some glands
  • responds to sensory stimuli
  • responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of endocrine system

A
  • glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones—-regulate development, growth, and metabolism
  • maintain homeostasis of blood composition and volume
  • control digestive processes, and control reproduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of lymphatic system

A
  • transports and filters lymph

* participates in an immune response when necessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Function of cardiovascular system

A
  • consists of heart and blood vessels

* heart moves blood in order to distribute hormones, nutrients, gases, and pick up waste products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Function of respiratory system

A

*responsible for exchange of gases between blood and the air in the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Function of the urinary system

A
  • filters the blood to remove waste products and biologically active molecules
  • concentrates waste products in the form of urine
  • expels urine from the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Function of the digestive system

A
  • mechanically and chemically digests food materials
  • absorbs nutrients
  • expels waste products
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Function of the reproductive system

A 
Male
*Produces male sex cells
*produces male hormones
*transfers sperm to female
Female
*Produces female sex cells
*produces female hormones
*receives sperm from male
*site of fertilization
*site of growth and development of embryo and fetus
*produces and secretes breast milk for nourishment of newborn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define homeostasis

A

Ability of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment in response to internal or external conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Negative feedback

A
  • resulting action always in opposite direction of the stimulus
  • most processes use this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Positive feedback

A

*stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climactic event occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Structures found in mediastinum (5)

A
  1. Heart
  2. Thymus
  3. Esophagus
  4. Trachea
  5. Major blood vessels connecting to heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Serous membrane

A

*Layer of cells that lines subdivisions of ventral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Parietal layer of serous membrane

A

Lines internal surface of body wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Visceral layer of serous membrane

A

Lines external surface of organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Superior

A

closer to head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Inferior

A

Closer to feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Anterior

A

In front of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Posterior

A

In back of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Medial

A

Toward midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to point of attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Distal

A

Farther away from point of attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Deep

A

On inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Superficial

A

On outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Cranial

A

Surrounding the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Occipital

A

Back of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Orbital

A

Eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

44
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

45
Q

Otic

A

Ear

46
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

47
Q

Mental

A

Chin

48
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

49
Q

Clavicular

A

Clavicle

50
Q

Pectoral

A

Chest

51
Q

Sternal

A

Sternum

52
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

53
Q

Umbilical

A

Belly button

54
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

55
Q

Pubic

A

Anterior region of pelvis

56
Q

Vertebral

A

Spinal column

57
Q

Lumbar

A

Relating to inferior part of back

58
Q

Sacral

A

Posterior region between hip bones

59
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttock

60
Q

Perineal

A

Diamond-shaped region between the legs

61
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

62
Q

Brachial

A

upper arm

63
Q

Antecubital

A

Anterior to elbow

64
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

65
Q

Deltoid

A

Shoulder

66
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Parallel to midsagittal plane

67
Q

Transverse Plane

A

divides body into superior and inferior parts

68
Q

Frontal Plane

A

vertical plane that divides into anterior and posterior parts

69
Q

6 elements that make up 98% of weight of human body

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Carbon
  3. Hydrogen
  4. Nitrogen
  5. Calcium
  6. Phosphorus
70
Q

Low # on pH scale

A

More acidic

71
Q

High # on pH scale

A

More basic

72
Q

Lipogenesis

A

Acetyl-CoA converted to fatty acids

73
Q

Lipolysis

A

Hydrolysis

Hydroxl and carboxyl group

74
Q

Factors that denature a protein

A

Heat
Chemically altered
Changes in pH

75
Q

Enzymes result to activation energy of reaction it catalyzes

A

Lowers energy needed

76
Q

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A
  • synthesizes proteins
  • Modifies and stores
  • Forms transport vehicles
77
Q

Smooth ER

A
  • Lipid synthesis
  • Detoxifies
  • Forms transport vehicles
78
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A
  • Forms proteoglycans
  • Modifies and stores proteins formed in ER
  • Provides means of transporting substances into, out of, and within a cell
79
Q

Lysosomes

A

*breakdown molecules

80
Q

Peroxisomes

A
  • Break down molecules

* form types of lipids

81
Q

Mitochondrial

A
  • powerhouse of the cell

* ATP production

82
Q

Ribosomes

A

*protein synthesis

83
Q

Na+/K+ pump process

A
  • Active transport
  • ATP
  • 3 Na+ from cell to interstitial fluid
  • 2K+ from interstitial fluid to cell
  • moves against gradient
84
Q

Central dogma of biology

A

DNA–>RNA–>Protein

85
Q

Simple squamous epithelium location

A

air sacs
lining of lymph vessels
blood vessels
serous membranes

86
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium location

A

thyroid gland follicles
surface of ovary
kidney tubules
secretory regions

87
Q

Non ciliated simple columnar epithelium location

A

digestive tract

88
Q

Ciliated simple columnar epithelium location

A

larger bronchioles

uterine tubes

89
Q

Ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium location

A 
larger airways
nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
90
Q

non ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium location

A

male urethra
epididymis
RARE

91
Q

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium location

A

skin

92
Q

non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium location

A 
oral cavity
pharynx
esophagus
vagina
anus
93
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelium location

A

exocrine glands
male urethra
ovarian follicles

94
Q

stratified columnar epithelium location

A

salivary glands

male urethra

95
Q

Transitional epithelium location

A

urinary bladder
ureters
urethra

96
Q

Endocrine definition

A

Secrete hormones directly into the blood

ex:// thyroid gland

97
Q

Exocrine definition

A

Secretions released onto epithelial surface by a duct

ex:// sweat glands, salivary glands

98
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue characteristics

A 
Long
Cylindrical
Striated
Parallel & unbranched
Multinucleated
Voluntary control
99
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue function and location

A

Moving skeleton

Bones, some skin

100
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue characteristics

A 
Short
Striated
Typically branched
1-2 nuclei
Involuntary
101
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue function and location

A

Pumps blood through heart

Heart wall (myocardium)

102
Q

Smooth muscle tissue characteristics

A 
Nonstriated
Short
Fusiform
1 nucleus
Involuntary
103
Q

Smooth muscle tissue function and location

A

Propels materials though internal organs
controls size of lumen

Walls of hollow organs such as urinary bladder and blood vessels

104
Q

Functions of neurons

A

receive, send, and process nerve impulses

105
Q

Functions of glial cells

A

Protect, nourish, and support neurons

106
Q

Serous membrane definition and location

A

Lines body cavities that typically do not open to external environment

Pleura of the lungs

A&P I (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions