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Neuroscience > PTSD > Flashcards

PTSD Flashcards

1
Q

_______ of fear is one of the main symptoms of PTSD

A

Overgeneralization

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2
Q

What is trauma?

A

The personal experience of a severely distressing or disturbing event

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3
Q

When symptoms from trauma, such as intrusive thoughts and difficulty going about daily activities, persist longer than _______ it is considered PTSD

A

One Month

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4
Q

What is PTSD?

A

A psychiatric disorder where learned fear, due to a traumatic event, becomes generalized to situations that normally would be considered safe

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5
Q

PTSD results in autonomic __________ in inappropriate situations

A

Hyperarousal

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6
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of PTSD in Canada?

A

9.2%

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7
Q

What conditions are highly comorbid with PTSD?

A

Anxiety Disorders
Depression
Substance Use Disorders

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8
Q

What are the three main signs of PTSD?

A

Recurring and frightening memories
Avoidance of potential triggers
A heightened state of arousal

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9
Q

DSM-5 Criteria A: The person was exposed to a ________ ________

A

Traumatic Event

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10
Q

DSM-5 Criteria B: ______ ______ of the traumatic event

A

Persistent Re-Experiencing

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11
Q

DSM-5 Criteria C: ______ _______ of trauma related thoughts or feelings and reminders

A

Continual Avoidance

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12
Q

DSM-5 Criteria D: ______ mood and _______ cognition

A

Negative

Disrupted

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13
Q

DSM-5 Criteria E: ______ and ______ that appeared after or were exacerbated by the trauma

A

Arousal

Reactivity

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14
Q

DSM-5 Criteria F: Symptoms persist for more than ________

A

One Month

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15
Q

DSM-5 Criteria G: Symptoms cause ______ and _____ impairment or distress

A

Social

Occupational

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16
Q

DSM-5 Criteria H: Not due to ______, substance use, or ________

A

Medication

Illness

17
Q

What are some way a person could be exposed to a traumatic event?

A

Directly involved
Witness
Close friend/relative
Exposure to details

18
Q

What are some ways someone could re-experience a traumatic event?

A 
Thoughts and memories
Nightmares
Flashbacks
Emotional distress
Physical reactivity to reminders
19
Q

Does everyone who experiences a traumatic event develop PTSD?

A

No.

20
Q

Which sex is affected twice as often?

A

Women

21
Q

Is there a genetic component to PTSD?

A

Yes - monozygotic twins show a higher concordance rate than dizygotic twins

22
Q

PTSD patients show increased responsiveness to trauma and emotional stimuli in the ______ and ________

A

Hippocampus

Amygdala

23
Q

PTSD patients show decreased volume and responsiveness to fearful and emotional stimuli in the _________

A

PFC

24
Q

What is Long Term Potentiation (LTP)?

A

Process by which synapses are strengthened in two or more neurons that fire simultaneously, making them more likely to fire together in the future

25
Q

LTP: Neurons that _____ together _____ together

A

Wire

Fire

26
Q

In traumatic situations you want to act fast so the brain bypasses the _____ lobe and responds via the ______ and _____

A

Frontal
Amygdala
Thalamus

27
Q

LTP plays an important role in pairing _________ memory and ________ memory

A

Emotional - Amygdala

Declarative - Hippocampus

28
Q

What is hypervigilance

A

An enhances state of sensitivity to your surroundings

29
Q

PTSD represents an inability to extinguish _________ fear responses leaving the individual unable to distinguish between _____ and safety

A

Conditioned

Danger

30
Q

What is Pattern Separation and where does it occur?

A

The recording of events such that we can distinguish separate, yet similar, events.

Dentate Gyrus

31
Q

What is Patter Completion and where does it occur?

A

The ability to recall and complete a memory based on a limited set of sensory inputs

CA3

32
Q

New neurons play a part in ______ and ________ among memories that are related but distinct

A

Encoding

Distinguishing

33
Q

It is suggested that pattern separation is associated with a specific and selective pattern of ________ activation in the ___________

A

Neuronal

Hippocampus

Neuroscience (12 decks)

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