cerebellar and proprioception Flashcards

1
Q

what are the principle receptors for proprioception?

A

neuromuscular and neurotendinous spindles
golgi tendon organ
4 joint mechanoreceptors

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2
Q

where does the proprioceptive pathway ascend and synapse?

A

ascends the spinal cord ipsilaterally in posterior columns

synapses in lower brainstem

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3
Q

dysdiadochokinesia indicates possible?

A

cerebellar dysfunction

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4
Q

abnormal joint position test indicates possible?

A

posterior column disease

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5
Q

multimodal sensations come from?

A

parietal lobe association cortex

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6
Q

when a primary sensory modality is not working, the deficit is referred to as?

A

anesthesia

analgesia

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7
Q

specific stimuli excite nerve end organs that are attached to DRG. with enough stimuli the impulse travels from peripheral back to nerve root. What is the path it travels?

A

neuron 1 (lateral or medial) synapses with neuron 2
neuron 2 crosses midline and ascends a CNS lemniscus carrying an impulse to nucleus ventralis posterolateralis and nucleus ventralis posteromedialis of thalamus
neuron 2 transfers impulse to neuron 3 at thalamic nuclei

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8
Q

neuron 1 lateral and medial divisions

A

lateral- superficial

medial- deep

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9
Q

what is neuron 3 AKA

A

thalamocortical radiation

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10
Q

where does the thalamocortical radiation travel?

A

to somesthetic cortex located on post central gyrus of parietal lobe

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11
Q

where does body reorganization and localization of stimuli take place?

A

somesthetic cortex

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12
Q

where is the somesthetic cortex located?

A

post central gyrus of parietal lobe

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13
Q

lower body info ascends?

A

medially

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14
Q

upper body info ascends?

A

laterally

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15
Q

what are the testable deep sensations?

A

pain
touch
proprioception

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16
Q

what are the superficial/ exteroreceptive sensations?

A

pain
temp
light touch

17
Q

who studied dermatome distributions based on herpetic lesions and trauma involved with spinal cord?

A

Head

18
Q

who performed isolated root sections and noted remaining sensibility after certain roots were cut?

A

Sherrington and Foerster

19
Q

who determined distribution of dermatomes by making use of antidromic responses (reverse conduction of impulses?

A

Foerster

20
Q

who argued against overlap of dermatomes and altered dermatome charts?

A

Keegan

21
Q

what is thigmesthesia?

A

non discriminating touch

22
Q

where does the pathway for light touch ascend? same as pain

A

slightly myelinated fibers that ascend to anterior lateral columns of cord to thalamus

23
Q

what is topesthesia?

A

discriminating well localized touch

24
Q

where is topesthesia carried to?

A

posterior spinal cord

25
Q

due to overlap and duplication of function, which sensation is least desirable to used for evaluation?

A

touch

26
Q

what tissues are devoid of nociceptors?

A

articular cartilage
inner annulus and nucleus of IVD
synovial membranes

27
Q

nociceptive impulses travel where and project where?

A

ascend with myelinated A delta and unmyelinated C fibers and project to dorsal lateral fasciculus

28
Q

fibrillations can not be seen?

A

by the naked eye

fasciculations can be seen

29
Q

motor cortex neurons controlling CN descend along what tract and synapse where?

A

corticobulbar tract to brainstem nuclei and synapse on LMN

30
Q

motor cortex neurons not involving CN along which tract?

A

corticospinal

31
Q

what are the 3 areas of integrity that are assessed for muscle?

A

volume
tone
strength