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Anatomy Test Two Material > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the reproductive system?

A

To perpetuate the species

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2
Q

What is the main function of the male reproductive system?

A

Production of sperm and their delivery to the female

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3
Q

What is the main function of the female reproductive system?

A

Production of eggs, provide a location for fertilization, and providing a location to house and support embryonic development

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4
Q

What do the testes produce?

A

Germ cells

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5
Q

What are the passageways of the male reproductive system?

A

Straight tubules, rete testes, efferent ductules, ductus epididymes, ductus deferens (vas deferens), ejaculatory duct, urethra

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6
Q

What are the three accessory glands of the male reproductive system?

A

Seminal vesicles, prostate glands, bulbourethral gland

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7
Q

What are the endocrine product of the testes?

A

Androgens, primarily testosterone and steroidogenesis

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8
Q

What is the exocrine product of the testes?

A

Sperm

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9
Q

What are the three steps of spermatogenesis?

A
  1. spermatogonial phase
  2. spermatocyte phase
  3. spermatid phase
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10
Q

What happens in the spermatogonial phase?

A

Speratogonia undergo mitosis, spermatogonia to spermatocytes

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11
Q

What happens in the spermatocyte phase?

A

Spermatocytes undergo meiosis 1 and 2, spermatocytes to spermatid

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12
Q

What happens in the spermatid phase?

A

Spermeiogenesis, maturation process, spermatids to spermatozoa

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13
Q

Seminiferous tubules are lined with what?

A

Complex stratified epithelium

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14
Q

What are the two cells found in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sertoli cells (aka supporting or sustantacular cells) and spermatogenic cells

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15
Q

What are the 4 kind of spermatogenic cells?

A

A.spermatogonia
B.primary spermatocytes
C.secondary spermatocytes
D.spermatids

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16
Q

What are the three kinds of spermatogonia?

A

A.type A dark (Ad) spermatogonia
B.type A pale (Ap) spermatogonia
C.type B spermatogonia

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17
Q

Spermataozoa move from the seminiferous tubules to where?

A

Seminiferous tubules to straight tubules (tubuli recti) to rete testes to efferent ductules

18
Q

What are the two intratesticular ducts?

A

Straight tubules and rete testes

19
Q

What are the straight tubules lined with?

A

Only with sertoli cells until the very end when they switch to cuboidal epithelium with underlying dense connective tissue

20
Q

What are the rete testes lined with?

A

Cuboidal epithelium or low columnar epithelium (or even simple squamous epithelium) with underlying dense connective tissue, epithelial cells have a single apical cilium and a few short apical microvili

21
Q

Efferent ductules are a connection between what two things?

A

Testes and the head of the epididymes

22
Q

What are the efferent ductules lined with?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with groups of nonciliated cuboidal cells with microvili alternating with groups of taller ciliated cells. Some circularly oriented smooth muscle can be found around these ducts

23
Q

Ductus epididymes is lined with what?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium composed of round basal cells and columnar cells with stereocilia (known as principal cells); surrounded by smooth muscle cells

24
Q

How long is the ductus epididymes?

A

4-5 meters

25
Q

What happens to sperm in the ductus epididymes?

A

Storage and completion of maturation process occurs here

26
Q

What is the ductus deferens (vas deferens) lined with?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sparse stereocilia, muscularis has three layers of smooth muscle; mucosa lies in longitudinal folds; narrow lumen and with thick, muscular wall

27
Q

What are the two parts of the ductus deferens?

A

Ampulla and ejaculatory duct

28
Q

Describe the ampulla features?

A

Dilated area where epithelium is thicker and more folded

29
Q

Describe the ejaculatory duct features?

A

Portion of the ductus deferens in the prostate gland; after the seminal vesicles join, no muscular layer

30
Q

What are the three parts of the urethra?

A

A.prostatic urethra
B.membranous urethra
C.spongy urethra or penile urethra

31
Q

The prostatic urethra is lined with what?

A

Transitional epithelium

32
Q

The membranous urethra is lined with what?

A

Stratified columnar epithelium or pseudostratified columnar epithelium

33
Q

The spongy epithelium is lined with what?

A

LIned by psueodostratified columnar epithelium

34
Q

Describe the seminal vesicles.

A

2 highly tortuous tubular glands lined with simple columnar epithelium, or pseudostratified columnar epithelium rich in secretory granules; smooth muscle in inner circular and outer longitudinal arrangement; thin folds seen in lumen to increase surface area; joins with ampulla of ductus derferens to form ejaculatory duct

35
Q

Describe the prostate gland.

A

Collection of 30-50 tubuloalveolar glands embedded in a dense fibromuscular stroma; covered by a fibroelastic capsule; contains corpora amylacea or prostatic concretions; empties into prostatic urethra

36
Q

Describe the bulbourethral glands.

A

AKA cowper’s glands; compound tubuloalveolar glands, lined with mucous secreting simple columnar epithelium; located in urogenital diaphragm and empty into proximal part of the penile urethra

37
Q

The three male accessory glands produce what?

A

Seminal fluid

38
Q

What is the porous of seminal fluid?

A

The medium through which sperm leaves the male body

39
Q

What are the dorsal paired cylinders of the penis called?

A

Corpus cavernosum

40
Q

What is the ventral cylinder of the penis called?

A

Corpus spongiosum

41
Q

The three erectile cylinders of the penis are surrounded by what layer of dense connective tissue?

A

Tunica albuginea

Anatomy Test Two Material (16 decks)

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