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CIK Study > INV104 - Crime Scene Investigation > Flashcards

INV104 - Crime Scene Investigation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of admissible (in relation to evidence)?

A

Means that evidence is allowable and can be accepted by the court

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2
Q

What is the definition of biological material?

A

Biological material provides a link directly to a person

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3
Q

What are the four categories of biological material?

A
  • Body fluids; blood, semen, saliva
  • Trace biological; epithelial cells (skin cells)
  • Hairs; hair shaft, hair with root
  • Toxicology; drugs in blood, urine, hair
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4
Q

List seven different types of bloodstain patterns and explain what they can show investigators

A
  • Cast-off; thrown from the implement onto a surface during movement
  • Pooled blood; shows how a person had been lying in one position for a period of time
  • Dripped bloodstains; indicates direction and movement
  • Spattered bloodstains; indicates impact or blows
  • Arterial spurting; indicates injury type
  • Backspatter; from a firearm wound
  • Latent blood stains; not evident to the naked eye and require luminal testing
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5
Q

What is the definition of chain of evidence?

A

Is the record of all people who have had custody of an exhibit since it was first discovered, to its presentation in court and its security in Police records

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6
Q

What is the definition of a control sample?

A

Control samples are samples of known origin that can be compared with materials found on items being examined, also known as reference samples

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7
Q

What is the definition of intangible?

A

Unable to be touched, not having physical presence

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8
Q

What is the definition of order of examination?

A

Applies to any exhibit where multiple evidence types are present. It means the preferred sequence of examination or analysis undertaken on a document exhibit. The order is determined by the investigative need

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9
Q

EA2007, S7 states “It is a fundamental…?”

A

“It is a fundamental principle that relevant evidence is admissible”

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10
Q

What is the definition of tangible?

A

Perceptible by touch, clear and definite, real

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11
Q

What is the definition of toxicology?

A

The analysis of body samples for alcohol, illicit drugs or poisons. It includes the detection of drugs in blood, urine, hair and fingernails

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12
Q

What is the hot zone?

A

The part of a scene requiring examination and evidence protection. It is closely controlled by the OC scene. Exhibits are collected and packaged for forensic analysis in the hot zone

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13
Q

What is the warm zone?

A

The warm zone is a transition zone where;

  • Scene examiners put on / take off protective clothing
  • Scene examiners access equipment
  • The OC exhibits receives and records exhibits
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14
Q

What is the cold zone?

A

An area in the outer cordon of the scene. It is a place where the OC scene manages the scene examination and the staff involved. eg, briefing and debriefing, meals, maintaining scene records

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15
Q

What is the definition of trace evidence?

A

Microscopic or minute samples of evidence. May contain biological or physical evidence and may or may not be visible to the human eye

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16
Q

EA2006 states “Evidence is relevant if it has…?”

A

Evidence is relevant if it has a tendency to prove or disprove anything that is of consequence to the determination of the proceeding

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17
Q

What things should the initial action party consider en-route to the scene?

A
  • All accurate information has been received by Comms for making future decisions, plan an approach to minimise risk ands maximise safety. Discuss with your partner your responsibilities and roles. Plan your approach
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18
Q

What things should the initial action party consider upon arriving at the scene?

A
  • Park in a safe area
  • Note any vehicle attempting to leave the scene and time of arrival
  • Approach the scene and locate the informant / complainant
  • Record a common approach path for scene staff. Avoid any path known to be used by the suspect
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19
Q

What does VAWSEIPO mean?

A

Victim, appreciation, witnesses, scene, exhibits, ingredients, powers, offender

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20
Q

What is the definition of a crime scene log?

A

A crime scene log records the details, time and purpose of all persons who enter, attempt to enter, or leave the crime scenes which the scene guard perceives to be relevant. After initial procedures are complete, no person must enter without specific prior authority from the OC investigation

21
Q

The purpose of a crime scene log is to ensure?

A
  • No unauthorised entry
  • Integrity of evidence is secured
  • Intel opportunities maximised
  • Contamination issues minimised
22
Q

What is gas chromatography?

A

G chromatography is often used in this type of analysis (accelerants and volatile substances). It is an analytical method which separates mixtures and indicates relative quantity of each component on the basis of the components volatility, solubility and absorption

23
Q

What is anthropology?

A

The science of anthropology and human osteology. An anthropologist can assist in the identification of a person who is decomposed, burned, mutilated or otherwise unrecognisable

24
Q

Is the purpose of a preliminary interview at a crime scene to gather information for a handover briefing and to obtain identity particulars of persons present?

A

Yes

25
Q

Is the purpose of a preliminary interview at a crime scene to ascertain who needs to be separated and find out their legal reason to be there?

A

No

26
Q

What is the sequence of action undertaken prior to uplifting an exhibit from a serious crime scene?

A
  1. Record (Photograph)
  2. Make a notebook entry and consider its significance
  3. Uplift and package
  4. Seal, label and secure
27
Q

What is entomology the study of?

A

Insects

28
Q

What is the definition of contamination?

A

Contamination occurs when material is added town exhibit post-incident

29
Q

What is the definition of persistence?

A

Refers to the length of time forensic material is able to be detected following a crime

30
Q

What is the definition of significance?

A

Means the evidential value of the material sample for the evidence collection

31
Q

What is the first priority of initial attending officers?

A

Ensuring the scene is safe for oncoming staff

32
Q

Upon arriving at the scene of a serious crime, what must you do if you locate an injured victim?

A

Give first aid and seek medical help. If the victim is likely to die, obtain a formal written statement. Note and record the victims position when moved

33
Q

What must you do if the victim of a serious crime needs to be taken to hospital?

A

Accompany them and seize their clothing. Obtain the names of all doctors and medical personnel who deal with the victim and seize all bandages, tubes and hoses removed from the victim following treatment and record where they came from

34
Q

What five steps should you consider when you arrive at the scene of a serious crime and locate a victim who shows no signs of like?

A
  • Check for signs of life, but do not move the body
  • Record observations, position of body or exhibits in the area
  • Note the condition of the victims clothing
  • Make a sketch of the room
  • Give the OC Investigation an update
35
Q

What are ten things that make up part of scene guard duty?

A
  1. Prevent unauthorised entry
  2. Maintain a register of everyone authorised to enter and record their name, designation, authority to enter, purpose of visit and time in and out of the cordon
  3. Advise of the ‘common approach path’
  4. Record all movement and vehicle details to, from and near the scene
  5. Promptly communicate information to the OC
  6. Not to personally contaminate the scene
  7. Be vigilant of animals
  8. Remain until relieved
  9. Brief oncoming scene guard
  10. Do not discuss with witnesses or bystanders
36
Q

At a traffic incident, in relation to safety, what are the responsibilities of Police and the Fire Service?

A
  • Police manage scene protection

- Fire Service manage crash vehicles and hazardous substances

37
Q

At a traffic incident, in relation to life preservation, what are the responsibilities of the Police and Ambulance?

A
  • Police to protect against criminal acts

- Ambulance to render medical assistance

38
Q

What considerations should be made in regard to traffic control measures?

A
  • The need to balance competing demands of the investigation with the need to keep the road open
  • Close the road only if absolutely necessary
  • If on a highway, the RCA must be contacted immediately
  • If you do close a road, try do so in a way that minimises the closure
  • Replace volunteers as soon as possible
39
Q

What traffic control measures must be utilised when working on a carriageway?

A

Road control authority

40
Q

What traffic control measures must be utilised when working within 2-5 meters of the carriageway?

A

Warning signs

41
Q

What traffic control measures must be utilised when working within 2 meters of a carriageway that has a speed limit less than 60kph?

A

Warning signs

42
Q

What traffic control measures must be utilised when working within 2 meters of a carriageway that has a speed limit more than 60kph?

A

Road control authority

43
Q

What is common authorship examination?

A

An examination to determine one or more author has completed a document

44
Q

What is the definition of counterfeit?

A

Documents that are complete fabrications

45
Q

What is the definition of a false document / forgery?

A

Genuine documents that have been altered

46
Q

How should powders or tablets be recovered and packaged at a scene?

A

Packed in self sealing plastic bags inside a standard drugs envelope. Pack powders that may cause cross-contamination is nylon bags and swan neck tie

47
Q

How should syringes and glass pipes be recovered and packaged at a scene?

A

Pack in rigid containers

48
Q

How should plant material be recovered and packaged?

A

Dry material before packaging into drug envelopes or paper sacks

49
Q

How should cannabis plantations be recovered and packaged?

A

Photograph, count, measure the shortest, tallest and average heights and take samples

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