System types by data structure

Question 1

Types of IT systems

Answer 1

It systems can be identified by the way that data is captured and processed

Question 2

Flat-file systems

Answer 2

Early IT systems

1) Independent programs and data sets - Each application develops its own set of data and processing programs; data sharing across applications dome through separate programs
2) High data redundancy - can lead to data inconsistency
3) difficult in achieving cross-functional reporting

Question 3

Database systems

Answer 3

o briefly reiterate this content, data from related applications is pooled together in a set of logically related files (the database) that can be accessed by multiple applications through a database management system (DBMS); organizational database systems may exhibit a high level of integration (e.g., a few, large databases) or a low level of integration (e.g., more, smaller databases); the higher the required integration, the less data redundancy found within the organization and the easier it is to achieve cross-functional reporting.

Question 4

Knowledge management

Answer 4

Attempts to ensure right information is available at the right time to right user. Knowledge management practices seek specific outcomes, including shared intelligence, improved performance, competitive advantage, and more innovation

1) Knowledge base - special type of database designed for retrieval of knowledge; provides means to collect and organize information and develop relationships among info components
2) Expert systems - Computer program containing subject specific knowledge derived from experts; consists of a set of rules used to analyze information provided by user of system- system recommends a course of action
3) Data warehouse - database designed to archive operational transactions over a period of years. Other external data that can correlate can also be incorporated

Question 5

Data warehouse elaborated

Answer 5

Data mart - specialized version of a data warehouse contains data preconfigured to meet needs of specific departments

TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH DATA WAREHOUSE:
1) drill down - ability to move from summary to gradual information

2)slicing and dicing - ability to view a single data item in multiple dimensions

DATA MINING - process of performing statistical analysis and automatically searching for patterns in large volumes of data