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USMLE Step 2 > UWorld_7.26 > Flashcards

UWorld_7.26 Flashcards

1
Q

Lacunar stroke presentation

A
  • common syndromes include:
  • pure motor hemiparesis
  • pure sensory stroke
  • ataxic hemiparesis
  • dysarthria-clumsy hand
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2
Q

Lacunar stroke lesions

A
  • basal ganglia
  • subcortical white matter (internal capsule, coronoa radiata)
  • pons
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3
Q

Timing for alcohol withdrawal seizures

A

12-48 hours after last drink

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4
Q

Cyanide toxicity presentation

A
  • AMS
  • lactic acidosis
  • seizures
  • coma
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5
Q

Anterior mediastinal mass ddx

A
  • “4 Ts”:
  • thymoma
  • teratoma (mixed germ cell tumor)
  • thyroid
  • terrible lymphoma
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6
Q

Evaluation of suspected androgen-producing tumor

A

DHEA-S (hehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate)

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7
Q

First trimester anomaly screening options

A

-@ 9-13 weeks: triple test (PAPP A, bHCG, nucal translucency) 10 wks: cell free fetal DNA 35 yo)

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8
Q

ipratropium MOA, use

A
  • MOA: anti-muscarinic (anti-cholinergic)

- use = sx of COPD

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9
Q

Tx of young cystic fibrosis pt. w/PNA

A

vancomycin

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10
Q

Most severe mutation types

A
  • nonsense

- frameshift

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11
Q

Tx of PCP pneumonia in HIV pt.

A

TMP-SMX + corticosteroids

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12
Q

First line therapy for angina pectoris

A
  • ASA
  • B-blockers (metoprolol)
  • sublingual nitro PRN
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13
Q

Cause of ED after pelvic fracture

A

nerve injury and disruption of arterial supply

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14
Q

Morton neuroma presentation

A
  • MN = mechanically induced degenerative neuropathy

- numbness, aching, burning @ distal forefoot from metatarsal heads to third/fourth toes

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15
Q

Tarsal tunnel syndrome presentation

A
  • 2/2 compression of tibial n. as it passes through ankle (usually 2/2 fractures around ankle)
  • burning, numness, aching @ distal plantar surface of foot/toes +/- radiation to calf
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16
Q

Prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy

A

-strict BP control w/target = 130/80

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17
Q

Characteristics of dipyridamole cardiac testing

A
  • injected during myocardial perfusion scanning
  • reveals areas of restricted myocardial perfusion
  • “steal syndrome” = redistribution of blood to non-diseased areas induced by injection
18
Q

Tx of reactive arthritis

A

NSAIDs

19
Q

Reactive arthritis

A

“can’t pee, can’t see, can’t climb a tree”

urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis

20
Q

OCD tx

A
  • SSRIs

- CBT/exposure therapy

21
Q

Patau’s syndrome

A

xx

22
Q

Cause of osteomylitis 2/2 nail puncture wound

A

pseudomonas

23
Q

Complication of uncontrolled infection of facial skin

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis

24
Q

Presentation of cavernous sinus thrombosis

A
  • can occur in setting of uncontrolled infection of face, sinuses, orbit
  • H/A
  • periorbital edema
  • binocular palsies
25
Q

Dx/Tx of cavernous sinus thrombosis

A
  • MRI

- IV abx/prevent herniation

26
Q

UGI bleed unusual lab findings

A
  • low Hb

- elevated BUN and BUN/Cr ration

27
Q

Cooling in heat stroke

A

ice water immersion preferred

28
Q

Thiazide diuretic SEs

A
  • hyperglycemia (worse in pt.s w/DM)
  • increased LDL/TGs
  • hyperuricemia
  • electrolytes: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypomg, hyperca
29
Q

Ovarian torsion tx

A
  • laparoscopy w/detorsion
  • ovarian cystectomy
  • oophorectomy if necrosis/malignancy
30
Q

Behcet disease presentation

A
  • recurrent, painful oral apthous ulcers
  • genital ulcers
  • eye lesions/uveitis
  • skin lesions
  • thrombosis
31
Q

Dx of Behcet disease

A
  • pathergy = skin ulceration w/minor trauma (e.g. needlestick)
  • biopsy ==> nonspecific vasculitis of different-sized vessels
32
Q

Pulmonary nodule w/halo sign ==> dx?

A

aspergillosis

33
Q

Steroids skin SE

A

steroid-induced folliculitis ==> monomorphous, erythematous follicular papules

34
Q

Management of solid testicular mass

A
  • ochiectomy

- avoid FNAB/transscrotal biopsy to avoid spillage of cancer cells

35
Q

Blastomycosis presentation

A
  • Great Lakes, Mississippi river, Ohio river (WI is highest)
  • pulmonary: productive cough
  • skin and bone lesions
  • broad budding yeast from sputum
36
Q

Cause of calcium phosphate stones

A
  • primary hyperparathyroidism

- renal tubular acidosis

37
Q

Most common kidney stones

A

calcium oxalate

38
Q

cysteine stones cause

A
  • congenital error of metabolism

- fhx of stones

39
Q

struvite stones cause

A
  • proteus infection (urease-producing)

- assoc. w/hx of recurrent UTIs

40
Q

Types of conditions that lead to digital clubbing

A
  • intrathoracic neoplasms
  • intrathoracic suppurative diseases (e.g. CF, abscessn bronciectasis)
  • lung disease (except COPD)
  • cyanotic congenital heart disease
41
Q

RA typical joint involvement

A
  • MCP and proximal PIPs initially
  • MTPs of toes
  • wrists
  • cervical spine ==> spinal sublux/cord compression

USMLE Step 2 (38 decks)

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