General Flashcards
Indication for adenoidectomy
Obstruction- OSA with Ftt,
Infection
PFAPA
Periodic fever
Aphthous stomatitis
Pharyngitis
Adenitis
Surgical management
Post tonsillectomy complications
Bleeding-immediate to 14 day, d5-7 scab falls out- worse timing
Sore throat, Oralia, uvular swelling, resp compromise, dehydration, burn, iatrogenic trauma
Velopharyngeal insufficiency or stenosis
Atlantoaxial subluxation
Eustachian tube injury
Depression
Laceration
Adenoids will regroup, tonsils will not
Death 1:25000
Stridor
Insp - above vocal
Biphasic
Expiratory- lower down
Subglottic area: narrowest in pediatrics
Ludwigs angina
inf of submandibular and sublingual space
15 to 18 yrs
Sudden infection, cellulitis, polymicrobial
Dental origin
CF: mouth pain, drooling, dysphasia, stiffness
Physical: induration at floor of mouth
Mgnt: abx, careful of airway,
Retropharyngeal infections
Fever, fussy, neck stiffness, drooling
Resp distress
Lat X-ray for diagnosis - neck extension- 7 mm at c2, 14 mm at c6 or > 1/2 on cervical vertebrae. If 48- 72 hr on iv with NO improvement, do CT
Length of Rx: iv cefuroxime/clindamycin
Croup
LTB - under vocal cord
6 mo to 3 yrs
Parainfluenza type 1
CP: hoarseness , low grade temp, stridor
Epiglottitis
Age 2-7 yrs
H. Flu or staph aureus
Fever, stridor, fast, drooling
Mngt- surgery right away
Bacterial tracheitis
6 mo to 8 yrs
Staph aureus, sub glottic edema, ulceration, pseudo membranous formation
Otitis external
Inflammation of external auditory canal
Edema, white otorrhea, severe Otalgia when pulling, hearing loss from accumulation of junk
Rx- ciprodex, wick to get drops in
Facial nerve palsy
MC Bell’s palsy, infection, trauma, congenital
Need to look in ear- rule out AOM
Mastoiditis
AOM, fever, narrowed external canal, postauricular edema
Strep pneumo, pseudomonas
Management: abx, tubes, surgical Rx- failure to respond, abscess, intracranial complications
Complications of sinusitis
Epidural abscess Meningitis Cavernous sinus thrombosis Subdural empyema Brain abscess-osteo, mucocele
Gradenigo syndrome
Retro orbital pain, Diplopia, draining ear
Causes of pharyngitis
Adenovirus Coronavirus Enterovirus Rhinovirus RSV EBV hSV Group A beta hemolytic step
perinatal risk factors for the development of sensorineural hearing loss
- Family history of SNHL
- In utero infections
- Craniofacial anomalies
- BW 5 days