sedative hypnotics, anti-anxieties, muscle relaxers

Question 1

What is a state oaf anesthesia?

Answer 1

A state of unconsciousness without possibility of arousal

Question 2

T/F sedation causes relaxation, calmness, and decreased motor activity with loss of consciousness?

Answer 2

False! It does those things withOUT loss of consciousness

Question 3

The two major classes of sedative-hypnotic and anti-anxiety are what?

Answer 3

Barbiturates
and
Benzodiazepines

Question 4

The GABA-A receptor is a pentamer. T/F- The barbiturates and benzodiazepines work at this receptor?

Answer 4

True, but they bind at different sites on the receptors- allosteric modification

Question 5

GABA-A and GABA-B receptors exist. What its the difference between them?
Does GABA work for both receptors? What is the end result for both?

Answer 5

GABA-A is a ligand gated ion channel whereas the GABA-B is a G protein coupled receptor.
And GABA activates both receptors
Hyper polarization results

Question 6

What do barbiturates do to the Cl- channel opening?

Answer 6

Barbiturates increase the duration of GABA-mediated channel opening

Question 7

What do benzodiazepines do to the Cl- channel opening?

Answer 7

They increase the frequency of GABA-mediated channel opening

Question 8

Do barbiturates and benzodiazepines have the same end result?

Answer 8

Yep

Question 9

T/F the heterogeneity of the GABA-A receptors contributes to the clinical differences observed between barbiturates and benzodiazepines?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Why are benzodiazepines better for anti-anxiety than barbiturates?

Answer 10

Barbiturates are more toxic and they knock out everything instead of benzodiazepines that don’t knock out everything

Question 11

T/F respiratory depression by benzodiazepines is not a problem by itself?

Answer 11

True. You won’t die due to asphyxiation when you take benzodiazepines.

Question 12

T/F pharmacodynamic behavior is more important than the difference in profile activity?

Answer 12

False, this statement is true of pharmacokinetics

Question 13

T/F benzodiazepines are less likely to be abused or cause a dependency?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

is ambien good for muscle relaxation or seizure prevention?

Answer 14

nope, just for helping you go to sleep

Question 15

Clinical effects of barbiturates- it is a dose dependent suppression of what?

Answer 15

The CNS- known as “downers” just like our last fixed test

Question 16

What are the three classes of barbiturates?

Answer 16

Long acting- 1-2 days
Short- 3-8 hours
Ultrashort- 20 minutes

Question 17

Do we use barbiturates in dentistry?

Answer 17

Yep, for sedative-hypnotic drugs

Question 18

Bipolar disorder has two components. What are they?

Answer 18

Manic part

Depression part

Question 19

What treats the manic part of bipolar disorder?

Answer 19

Lithium. Lithium salts. We don’t know how they work though.

Question 20

To treat bipolar disorder what drugs would you use?

Answer 20

For the manic part use a lithium salt.

For the depression part use anti-depressant/anti-psychotic,/anti-convulsants