Lifespan Development-ch20: Concepts Of Growth And Development

Question 1

Physical change and increase in size.

Ex: height, weight, size, dentition; measured quantitatively

Answer 1

Growth

Question 2

An increase in the complexity of function and skill progression; the capacity and skill of a person to adapt to the environment.
Ex: walk, talk, run

Answer 2

Development

Question 3

Genetics, temperament, family, nutrition, environment, health, and culture affect/influence this.

Answer 3

Growth and development

Question 4

The complex concept that is difficult to define, can be considered as the outward (interpersonal) expression of the inner (intranet sonar)self.
It encompasses a person’s temperament, feelings, character traits, independence, self-esteem, self-concept, behavior, ability to interact with others, and ability to adapt to life changes.

Answer 4

Personality

Question 5

Part of the person’s mental life of which the person is unaware.

(Freud)

Answer 5

Unconscious mind

Question 6

The source of instinctive and unconscious psychological urges.
It resides. In the unconscious and, operating on the pleasure principle, seeks immediate pleasure and gratification.
(Freud)

Answer 6

Id

Question 7

Includes consciousness and memory, which serves to mediate between primitive instinctual drives (id), internal social prohibitions (superego), and reality;
The realistic part of the person, balances the gratification demands of the id with the limitations of social and physical circumstances.
(Freud)

Answer 7

Ego

Question 8

The result of conflicts between the id’ impulses and the anxiety created by the conflicts due to social and environmental restrictions.
(Freud)

Answer 8

Defensive mechanisms aka adaptive mechanisms

Question 9

Contains the conscience and the ego ideal;
Conscience of personality; the source of feelings of guilt, shame, and inhibition
(Freud)

Answer 9

Superego

Question 10

Urge or desire of sexual activity;

Underlying motivation to human development
Freud

Answer 10

Libido

Question 11

Immobilization or the inability of the personality to proceed to the next stage because of anxiety

Answer 11

Fixation

Question 12

Level of achievement for a particular segment of the persons life.

-infancy, early childhood, late childhood, school age, adolescent, young adult, adulthood, maturity
(Erickson)

Answer 12

Developmental stages

Question 13

Skill or behavior pattern learned during stages of development;

A task which arises at or about a certain period in the life of an individual, successful achievement of which leads to his happiness and to success with later tasks, while failure leads to unhappiness in the individual, disapproval by society, and difficulty with later tasks
(Havighurst)

Answer 13

Developmental task

Question 14

Recognition of developmental levels of learners, and acknowledgments of the learners motivation and environment

Refers to the manner in which people learn to think, reason, and use language and other symbols

Answer 14

Cognitive theory / development

Question 15

• assimilation: process through which humans encounter and react to new situations by using the mechanisms they already possess
• accommodation: process of change whereby cognitive processes mature sufficiently to allow the person to solve problems that were unsolvable before
• adaptation: coping behavior; the ability to handle the demands made by the environment

Answer 15

Cognitive development