Practice Exam 1 Flashcards
A series of cell divisions that results in the formation of an embryo is called:
cleavage
An animal that eats only plants is called a(n):
herbivore
The process by which energy is provided at the cellular level is called:
metabolism
All of the following are domains except:
Regelia
Light waves travel at a rate of about:
186,000 miles per second
The largest moon in the solar system is:
Ganymede
The spinal cord is part of the:
nervous system
Joints that hold bones firmly together are called:
fixed joints
The top or broadest level of the classifica- tion system for living organisms is called:
kingdom
If there are two full moons in a single month, the second full moon is called:
blue moon
The brainstem connects the brain to the:
spinal cord
Red blood cells:
carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
Protein can be found in all of the following foods EXCEPT:
apples
Which inorganic substance is present in the greatest quantity inside animal cells?
water
Cell protoplasm is made up mostly of:
water
A meter consists of, in centimeters:
100 centimeters
t’s impossible for the sun to turn into a black hole because:
it’s too small
Electrons are particles that are:
negatively charged
The chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs is called the:
right ventricle
The atomic number of an atom is deter- mined by:
the number of protons
The smallest part of an element that still acts like an element is:
the atom
How many planets in the solar system have rings?
four
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid is its:
melting point
The surface of the earth is called the:
crust
Not counting the sun, the closest star to the Earth is:
Proxima Centauri
If a car is towed 12 miles to the repair shop, and the tow charge is $3.50 per mile, how
much did the tow cost?
Multiply 12 miles by $3.50 per mile to get:
$42.00.
The sum of two numbers is 70. One number is 8 more than the other. What’s the smaller number?
Let x = the smaller number and x + 8 equal the larger number. Because the sum of the two numbers equals 70, you can express this mathematically as x + (x + 8) = 70. Now all you have to do is solve for x. Combine the like terms: 2x + 8 = 70. Then subtract 8 from both sides of the equation: 2x + 8 – 8 = 70 – 8, or 2x = 62. Divide both sides of the equation by two, and you find that x is equal to 31.
A sales manager buys antacid in bottles by 7. the gross. If he goes through 3 bottles of antacid every day, how long will the gross last?
144 bottles are in a gross. 144 ÷ 3 (bottles per day) = 48 days.
Jenny’s test grades are 93, 89, 96, and 98. If she wishes to raise her average to 95, what does she need to score on her next test?
To determine Jenny’s average, add the test scores and divide the sum by the number of tests taken. You want to know what she would need to make on the next test in order to achieve an average of 95. The formula can be set up as (93 + 89 + 96 + 98 + x) ÷ 5 = 95. Combining the like terms results in (376 + x) ÷ 5 = 95. Multiplying both sides by 5 results in 376 + x = 475. So, x = 99.
A waitress earns an average tip of 12% of the cost of the food she serves. If she serves $375 worth of food in one evening, how much money in tips will she earn on average?
Multiply the total amount spent on drinks, $375, by 12% to determine the amount of tips. $375 0.12 = $45.
How many square feet of carpeting are needed to carpet a 12-foot x 12-foot room?
Square footage is determined by multiplying length by width, or 12 12 = 144.
Carpet stain protector costs $0.65 per square yard to apply. How much will it cost to apply the protectant to a 16-foot x 18-foot carpet?
To determine the number of square yards to be protected, multiply 16 feet by 18 feet to determine the number of square feet, 288. Then divide 288 by 9 to convert square feet to square yards (1 square yard = 3 feet 3 feet = 9 square feet). Multiply the quotient, 32 square yards, by the cost of protection per square yard, $0.65, to get the correct answer, $20.80. Remember to perform all the steps in a calculation.
A printing plant that produces baseball cards has a monthly overhead of $6,000. It costs 18 cents to print each card, and the cards sell for 30 cents each. How many cards must the printing plant sell each month in order to make a profit?
Let x = the number of cards printed and sold each month. Therefore, cost is equal to 6000 + 18x, and revenue is equal to 0.30x. You’re looking for the point where revenue is greater than the cost (revenue > cost). The inequity is 0.30x > 6000 + 18x. Subtracting 18x from both sides of the inequity results in 0.12x > 6000. Divide both sides by 0.12. The result is that x > 50,000. The printing plant would have to print and sell 50,000 cards per month to make a profit.
Joe received an hourly wage of $8.15. His boss gave him a 7% raise. How much does Joe make per hour now?
To calculate the new wage, start off by multiplying $8.15 0.07 = $0.57. Then add that number (the amount of Joe’s raise) to his original hourly wage. Joe’s new hourly wage is $8.15 + $0.57 = $8.72.
Alice leaves her house, driving east at 45 miles per hour (mph). Thirty minutes later, her husband Dave notices she forgot her cell phone and sets off after her. How fast must Dave travel in order to catch up with Alice 3 hours after he leaves?
By the time Dave leaves, Alice has already been traveling for half an hour. Three hours later, she would’ve been traveling for 31⁄2 hours at 45 mph, or 157.5 miles. In order to travel 157.5 miles in 3 hours, Dave would have to travel at 55.5 mph (divide 157.5 by 3).
A baker made 20 pies. A Boy Scout troop buys one-fourth of his pies, a preschool teacher buys one-third of his pies, and a caterer buys one-sixth of his pies. How many pies does the baker have left?
Convert the different denominators to a common denominator that all the denomina- tors can divide into evenly. 4, 3, and 6 all divide evenly into 12. To convert 1⁄4 to x⁄12, divide 12 (the new common denominator) by 4 (the old common denominator) to get 3. Then multi- ply 1⁄4 by 3⁄3 (another way of saying 1). The product is 3⁄12. (1⁄4 = 3⁄12).
Miriam bought five cases of motor oil on sale. A case of motor oil normally costs $24.00, but she was able to purchase the oil for $22.50 a case. How much money did Miriam save on her entire purchase?
Subtract the sale price from the regular price: $24.00 – $22.50 = $1.50. Multiply the remainder by the number of cases to get your answer: $1.50 5 = $7.50.
A security guard walks the equivalent of six city blocks when he makes a circuit around the building. If he walks at a pace of eight city blocks every 30 minutes, how long will it take him to complete a circuit around the building, assuming he doesn’t run into any thieves?
Divide 30 by 8 to determine that the security guard takes 3.75 minutes to walk one city block. Multiply 3.75 by 6, the number of blocks it takes to complete the circuit, to arrive at 22.50, or 221⁄2 minutes.
The population of Grand Island, Nebraska, grew by 600,000 people between 1995 and 2005, one-fifth more than the town council predicted. The town council originally pre- dicted the city’s population would grow by:
Let x = the original estimate. An additional one-fifth would be 6⁄5x, or 120% of x. The equa- tion can be expressed as 1.2x = 600000. To solve for x, divide both sides of the equation by 1.2. x = 500,000.
Joan is taking an admissions examination. If she has to get at least 40 of the 60 questions right to pass, what percent of the questions does she need to answer correctly?
Divide the number of questions she must get right (40) by the total number of questions (60) to reach 662⁄3 %.
A teacher deposited $3,000 in a retirement fund. If she didn’t add any more money to the fund, which earns an annual interest rate of 6%, how much money would she have in 1 year?
To determine the amount of interest earned, multiply the principal ($3,000) by the inter- est rate (6%) and the number of years interest accrues (1 year): $3,000 0.06 1 = $180. Add the interest earned to the principal to show how much total money the teacher would have: $180 + $3,000 = $3,180.
The high-school track measures one quar- ter of a mile around. How many laps would you have to run in order to run three and a half miles?
Divide the total number of laps by the length of one lap. 31⁄2 ÷ 1⁄4. First, convert the mixed number to a fraction, then divide by 1⁄4. 7⁄2 ÷ 1⁄4 = 28⁄2, which can be reduced to 14.
Karl is driving in Austria, where the speed limit is posted in kilometers per hour. The car’s speedometer shows that he’s traveling at a rate of 75 kilometers per hour. Karl knows that a kilometer is about 5⁄8 of a mile. Approximately how many miles per hour is Karl traveling?
A kilometer is 5⁄8 of a mile, so multiply 75 5⁄8, or 75⁄1 5⁄8 = 375⁄8. Divide 8 into 375 to reduce the fraction and determine that Karl was traveling at 47 miles per hour.
A carpenter earns $12.30 an hour for a 40-hour week. His overtime pay is 11⁄2 times his base pay. If he puts in a 46-hour week, how much is his weekly pay?
$12.30 40 hours = $492, his base pay per week. $12.30 1.5 = $18.45, his overtime rate per hour. $18.45 (overtime rate per hour) 6 (hours of overtime) = $110.70 (overtime pay). $492.00 (base pay) + $110.70 (overtime pay) = $602.70 (total pay for the week).
An office building has 30 employees and allows 42 square feet of work space per employee. If five more employees are hired, how much less work space will each employee have?
The office has 1,260 square feet of space (multiply 42 square feet by 30 employees). With 35 employees, each employee will have 36 square feet of work space (1,260 ÷ 35), which is 6 square feet less than originally.
Stan bought a monster truck for $2,000 down and payments of $450 a month for five years. What’s the total cost of the monster truck?
Five years contain 60 months, so multiply $450 (monthly payment) 60 = $27,000 (total payments). Then add $27,000 (total payments) + $2,000 (down payment) = $29,000 (total cost).
Darla spent $120.37 on groceries in January, $108.45 in February, and $114.86 in March. What was the average monthly cost of Darla’s groceries?
Add the three monthly amounts to determine the total amount Darla spent on groceries: $120.37 + $108.45 + $114.86 = $343.68. Divide the total by 3 to determine the average monthly cost: $114.56.
Keith is driving from Reno to Kansas City to meet his girlfriend. The distance between the two cities is 1,650 miles. If Keith can average 50 miles per hour, how many hours will it take him to complete his trip?
1,650 miles (total distance) ÷ 50 miles per hour (average speed) = 33 hours.
Michael needs 55 gallons of paint to paint an apartment building. He would like to purchase the paint for the least amount of money possible. Which of the following should he buy?
Determine the cost of each option. Choice (A) doesn’t provide enough paint (2 25 gal- lons = 50 gallons). Choice (B): 11 $108 = $1,188. Choice (C): 6 $215 = $1,290. Choice (D): 55 $23 = $1,265. The lowest price is $1,188.
As a member of FEMA, you’re required to set up a contingency plan to supply meals to residents of a town devastated by a tornado. A breakfast ration weighs 12 ounces and the lunch and dinner rations weigh 18 ounces each. Assuming a food truck can carry 3 tons and that each resident will receive 3 meals per day, how many residents can you feed from one truck during a 10-day period?
One ton = 2,000 pounds, so one truck can carry 6,000 pounds. There are 16 ounces in a pound, so one truck can carry 96,000 ounces. The total daily ration for each resident is 12 ounces + 18 ounces + 18 ounces, or 48 ounces. The number of daily rations supplied can be expressed as 96,000 ÷ 48 = 2,000. Dividing 2,000 by 10 days results in 200 residents who can be fed by one truck during this 10-day period.
A train headed south for Wichita left the station at the same time a train headed north for Des Moines left the same station. The train headed for Wichita traveled at 55 miles per hour. The train headed for Des Moines traveled at 70 miles per hour. How many miles apart were the trains at the end of 3 hours?
The train headed for Wichita traveled 55 miles per hour 3 hours = 165 total miles. The train headed for Des Moines traveled 70 miles per hour 3 hours = 210 total miles. Adding the distances together gives you the number of miles apart the two trains were after three hours: 210 + 165 = 375. Another option: You can add the two rates of speed (55 + 70) and multiply the sum by 3 hours (125 3 hours = 375).
A carpenter needs to cut four sections, each 3-feet 8-inches long, from a piece of molding. If the board is only sold by the foot, what’s the shortest length of board she can buy?
Convert the mixed number to inches. 3 feet 8 inches equals 44 inches (12 inches per foot 3 feet = 36 inches + 8 inches = 44 inches). 44 inches (length each section needs to be) 4 (number of sections needed) = 176 inches (total molding needed). To determine the amount of molding needed in feet, convert 176 inches into feet by dividing 176 inches by 12 inches. You get 142⁄3 feet, so the shortest board length is 15 feet.
Kiya had a coupon for 10% off one frozen turkey breast. The turkey breasts cost $8.50 each, and Kiya bought two. How much did she pay?
One turkey breast costs $8.50 minus 10% of $8.50, or $8.50 – $0.85 = $7.65. The other turkey breast is full price. $7.65 + $8.50 = $16.15.
A recruiter travels 1,100 miles during a 40- hour workweek. If she spends 2⁄5 of her time traveling, how many hours does she spend traveling?
Don’t let the number of miles traveled confuse you — you don’t use them to solve the problem. 2⁄5 of a 40-hour workweek is 2⁄5 40⁄1 = 80⁄5. Reduce the fraction: 80 ÷ 5 = 16 hours per week spent traveling.
Your car uses gasoline at the rate of 21 miles per gallon. If gasoline costs $2.82 per gallon, and you drive for 7 hours at a speed of 48 miles per hour, how much will you pay for gasoline for the trip?
Your first step is to determine the number of miles traveled. Multiply the rate of travel by the time. 48 7 = 336 miles. The amount of gas used is the total miles driven, divided by the number of miles per gallon. 336 ÷ 21 = 16 gallons of gasoline used. At the price of $2.82 per gallon, you spent $45.12 for gas ($2.82 16 = $45.12).
Ifx=8,what’sthevalueofyintheequation y=(x2 ÷4)–2?
Substitute8forxintheequation.y=(x2 ÷4)–2.y=(82 ÷4)–2.y=(64÷4)–2. y = 16 – 2. y = 14.
The cube of 5 is:
The cube of 5 = 5 5 5 = 125.
The fourth root of 16 is:
What’s the equation of a line that passes through points (0, -1) and (2, 3)?
The slope of the line is equal to the change in y values divided by the change in x values. Thechangeinyvaluesis4(3– –1).Thechangeinxvaluesis2(2–0).4⁄2 =2.Tofindthe intercept, substitute 0 for x in the equation y = 2x + b. –1 = 2(0) + b. Therefore, b = –1, so the equation is y = 2x – 1.
(12yards+14feet)÷5=
Convert 12 yards and 14 feet to feet: (12 yards 3 feet per yard) + 14 feet = 36 feet + 14 feet = 50 feet. Divide by 5 as instructed: 50 feet ÷ 5 = 10 feet.
If two powers have the same base, they can be multiplied by keeping the base and adding the powers together.
(x+4)(x+2)=
Which of the following is a prime number?
A prime number is a number that can be divided evenly by itself or by one, but not by any other number. Choices (A), (C), and (D) can all be divided evenly by other numbers.
What’s the mode of the following series of numbers? 4 4 8 8 8 10 10 12 12
The mode of a series of numbers is the number that appears in the series the most fre- quently. In this case, it’s 8.
The square root of 49 is 7; the square root of 64 is 8. 7 8 = 56.
Which of the following fractions is the largest?
If a circle has a radius of 12 feet, what’s its circumference most nearly?
An aquarium measures 16-inches long x 8-inches deep x 18-inches high. What’s its volume?
In an equilateral triangle, all sides are equal, and all angles are equal.
If the sum of two angles equals 90 degrees, they’re called complementary angles.
This symbol stands for battery.
an outside curve
nut
dress wood
The box with the largest area on the bottom will have the shortest sides. If length width height = volume, and all the boxes have equal volume, then the sides must be short- est on the box with the largest area on the bottom. Calculate the area of each box bottom: No. 1 = 20 square inches; No. 2 = 35 square inches; No. 3 = 48 square inches; and No. 4 = 27 square inches. No. 3, which has the largest area, will have the shortest sides.
Cat B landing on the seesaw will propel Cat A into the air.
When the high point of the cam connects with the lever arm, the lever arm will touch the contact point. Two high points on the cam mean the lever arm will touch the contact point twice with each revolution of the cam.
If the fulcrum is moved closer to the cat, the length of the effort arm of the lever will be increased, making the cat easier to raise, but the height to which the cat can be raised will be reduced.
Because this block-and-tackle arrangement merely changes the direction of the pull, it has a mechanical advantage of only 2.
The larger cog (Cog A) covers a greater linear distance in a given period of time.
Opening Valves 1 and 2 allows water to enter the tank. Opening Valves 3 and 5 prevents water from filling the tank entirely. Opening Valve 4 allows water to leave the tank.
Gears with their teeth together in mesh turn in opposite directions. Gear A turns Gear B in the opposite direction (right), and Gear B turns Gear C in the opposite direction (left).
Gears with their teeth together in mesh turn in opposite directions. Gear 1 turns clock- wise. Gear 2, in mesh with Gear 1, turns counterclockwise. Gear 3, in mesh with Gear 2, turns clockwise. Gear 4, in mesh with Gear 3, turns counterclockwise. Gear 5, in mesh with Gear 2, turns clockwise.
The gauge shows a reading of 21.
Stationary pulleys give no mechanical advantage, so effort equals the weight of the crate or 50 pounds.
At the height of the arc, the ball has no upward momentum, so it goes the slowest at that point.
The brace on Angle A covers more area of the angle, so it’s more solidly braced.
C
A
D
D
A
A
C
D
B
B
A
D
D
C
B
A
