MCP - Goodman - FA Synthesis - 2/24

Question 1

Where is pyruvate dehydrogenase found?

Answer 1

Only in the mitochondria

Question 2

Can acetyl-CoA cross the mitochondrial membrane?

Answer 2

No, No, No

Question 3

From what reaction is NADPH obtained for use in FA synthesis?

Answer 3

breakdown of OAA –> malate –> pyruvate+ NADPH

alternative method: pentose phosphate shunt

Question 4

What is the rate-limiting/key regulatory enzyme in fatty acid synthesis?

Answer 4

Acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACC)

Question 5

What is the function of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 5

To add 2 carbons to a growing FA chain, resulting eventually in palmitate

Question 6

What enzymes are responsible for elongating fatty acid chains in the ER?

Answer 6

Elongases, with the normal: reduction-dehydration-reduction method

Question 7

What are the 3 distinct kinds of desaturases?

Answer 7

delta9
delta6
delta5

common rxns are palmitic to palmitoleic
stearic to oleic (both are monounsaturated, delta9)

Question 8

What roles do eiconsanoids play?

Answer 8

Inflammation
smooth muscle contraction
bronchoconstriction
bronchodilation

Question 9

How do aspirin and NSAIDs work?

Answer 9

They inhibit prostaglandin synthesis at the arachidonic acid –> PGH2 pathway
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 (enzymes) whereas acetominophen and ibuprofen are reversible inhibitors.