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A&P II > Micro Practical 1 > Flashcards

Micro Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Bacillis substilis; bacteria; shape is bacilli

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2
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Proteus vulgaris; bacteria; the shape is bacilli

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3
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Anabaena; cyanobacteria; shape is filamentous

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4
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes; bacteria; shape is cocci (spherical)

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5
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Spirillum; bacteria; shape is spirilla

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6
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Spirulina; cyanobacteria; shape is filamentous

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7
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Staphylcoccus aureus; bacteria; shape is cocci

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8
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae; yeast; cell shapes are LARGE and round

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9
Q

What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?

A

Oscillatoria; cyanobacteria; filamentous

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10
Q

How can you tell if the round cell you are viewing through the microscope is a yeast cell or a round bacterial cell?

A

The yeast cell does not need such a high magnification compared to bacterial cell which would need a high magnification. Yeast cells are a lot LARGER compared to bacterial cells.

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11
Q

What are the (2) groups of organisms found in Kingdom Protista?

A

Algae and Protozoa

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12
Q

Which protist is an intestinal parasite found in the duodenum?

A

Trophozoite

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13
Q

The protist Trophozoite (which adheres to intestinal lining, found in duodenum), what disease does it cause?

A

Bever fever

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14
Q

Which protist causes a sexually transmitted disease?

A

Trichomonas vaginialis

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the axostyle in Trichomonas vaginalis?

A

Structural support

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16
Q

Which group of organisms in Kingdom Protista make their own food and have flagella?

A

Algae

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17
Q

Define Eukaryotic

A

More complex cell type that contains membrane-bound nucleus

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18
Q

Define primary producer.

A

refers to organism (i.e. algae) that is able to produce its own food to survive

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19
Q

Define vector.

A

Organism carry disease-causing microbe

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20
Q

Define reservoir host.

A

Host that serves as a source of infection

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21
Q

What disease is caused by Trypanosoma?

A

African Sleeping Disease

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22
Q

How is Trypanosoma transmitted from person to person?

A

Tse tse fly

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23
Q

What is the growth form of fungi?

A

Hypha

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24
Q

What would a large number of hypha be called collectively?

A

Mycelium

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25
Q

What is the group of Fungi that produces spores externally?

A

Basidiomycetes

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26
Q

What is the structure that produces spores in the group of Fungi - Basidiomycetes?

A

Basidium

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27
Q

What is the name of the group of Fungi that produces spores internally?

A

Ascomycetes

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28
Q

What is the name of the structures that produces spores in the group of Fungi - Ascomycetes?

A

Ascus

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29
Q

What is the purpose of the group called Deutteromycetes?

A

To place fungi that have no sexual stage observed

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30
Q

Which specific fungus is an opportunistic pathogen of wounds?

A

Rhizopus

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31
Q

Identify the member of Kingdom fungi displayed.

A

Penicillium

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32
Q

Identify the member of Kingdom fungi displayed.

A

Rhizopus

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33
Q

What phylum of worms is commonly called roundworms?

A

Nematodes

34
Q

What group of flatworms is commonly called flukes?

A

Trematoda

35
Q

What part of the tapeworm body attaches to the intestines?

A

Oral suckers

36
Q

Define dioecious.

A

Separate male and female

37
Q

What is the most common roundworm infection in the US?

A

Pinworm

38
Q

Identify the Phylum to which this organism belongs to. What group does this organism belong to?

A

This tapeworm belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes. This tape worm belongs to the group Cestoda.

39
Q

What is the name of the piece of equipment we use to sterilize objects and media?

A

Autoclave

40
Q

What are the conditions for sterilization inside the autoclave while in use?

A

15-30 minutes; 121 degrees C; 18 PSI

41
Q

Why is boiling alone not enough to sterilize media and objects?

A

Because it does not provide enough heat to kill the endospores

42
Q

Define synthetic media.

A

Culture media where all chemicals and organisms grown are known.

43
Q

Definie minimal media

A

culture media where we use the bare minimum for growth

44
Q

Define complex media

A

culture media that may have one or more unknown types of microorganisms growing

45
Q

While preparing solid media, what procedure must we use that is not necessary when preparing liquid media? What is the purpose of this step?

A

Boiling is the procedure used while stirring so agar does not stick to the bottom of the beaker and burn. We also give it time to become clear.

46
Q

Define macronutrient

A

Chemicals needed in LARGE amounts for growth

47
Q

Micronutrients

A

Chemicals needed in small amounts for growth

48
Q

Agar

A

Solid media that is gel-like

49
Q

Slant tube

A

Agar in a tube that is cooled while at a slanted angle

50
Q

What is the proper way to measure liquid in a graduated cylinder?

A

We want to make sure the miniscus is just at/above the number to get the correct reading

51
Q

What piece of equipment do we use to dispense media into test tubes?

A

Pipett

52
Q

What is inoculation?

A

Transferring bacteria from one media to another

53
Q

Name the piece of equipment used to perform inocultion.

A

Inoculating loop

54
Q

What is the purpose of doing a streak plate?

A

To separate bacterai from a mixed culture

55
Q

For aseptic technique, what is one reason for flaming the top of the test tubes after taking off the lids before re-capping them?

A

Because air carries other microbes, the top of the test tube is heated to make the air rise within the tube to prevent contamination.

56
Q

Describe the next step in aseptic technique after you pick up bacteria from the stock culture.

A

After picking up bacteria from the stock culture with the loop, we inoculate the bacteria, but before doing so we close the stock culture by heating up the top of the tube and placing the cap back on.

57
Q

What is the last step of aseptic technique?

A

Placing the inoculating loop into the incinerating piece of equipment to sterilize the loop.

58
Q

What piece of equipment do we place the inocluated media into in order to grow bacteria?

A

Incubator

59
Q

What is the temperature inside the incubator?

A

37 degrees C

60
Q

How long do we leave bacteria in the incubator for optimum growth?

A

18-24 hrs

61
Q

Why do we place petri dishes upside down in the incubator?

A

So the condensation/water drips onto the lid.

62
Q

In a pour plate, where inside the petri dish are the bacteria found?

A

In a pour plate, bacteria are found all throughout, not just the surface.

63
Q

What is the purpose of doing a pour plate?

A

The purpose of doing a pour plate is to isolate colonies of bacteria from a mixed culture.

64
Q
A
65
Q

When we prepare dilutions for the pour plates in lab 9, why did we twirl the tubes back and forth between our hands?

A

To mix up the contents within instead of shaking it and possibly causing spill

66
Q

Define isolated colony

A

Mound of bacteria growth that come grom one single bacterium

67
Q

Define dilution

A

A reduction in concentration

68
Q

Define serial dilution

A

using one dilution to make the next dilution

69
Q

Define differential stain

A

Stain bacteria different colors based on the bacteria’s physical and chemical properties

70
Q

Define simple stain

A

Give color to transparent cells

71
Q

Definie quantitative dilution

A

accurately measuring the maount of liquid used to make a reduction in concentration

72
Q

Define viable plate count.

A

method used to determine the number of living bacteria present in a sample.

73
Q

Define viable

A

alive and able to grow on media

74
Q

What is the reciprocal of the dilution factor 10^-7?

A

1/10000000

75
Q

Define dilution bank

A

container holding 99mL of sterile liquid (often water) used to make reductions in concentration

76
Q

What is creating a smear?

A

Applying bacteria to a clean microscope slide

77
Q

What is the most important step in the process of making a smear?

A

Heat fix - fixation causes the bacterial cells to adhere to glass slide so that they are unable to be rinsed off

78
Q

Which type of bacteria will crystal violet purple enter?

A

Crystal violet purple will enter both gram positive and gram negative.

79
Q

What color will gram positive cells retain?

A

Crystal violet purple

80
Q

What color will gram negative cells be?

A

They will be stained pink from saffarnin

81
Q

How do you properly dry a slide after staining?

A

Blot to dry

A&P II (13 decks)

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