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CRJ 700 ENY STUDY GUIDE > Engines > Flashcards

Engines Flashcards

1
Q

What engines are installed on the CRJ-700?

A

Two fuselage mounted General Electric CF34-8C5 engines.

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2
Q

What controls the engine during normal operations?

A

The Full Authority Digital Engine Control System (FADEC).

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3
Q

What is the normal Takeoff and Go-Around thrust rating?

A

12,670 pounds of thrust

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4
Q

What is the Automatic Performance Reserve (APR) thrust rating?

A

13,790 pounds of thrust

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5
Q

What is the definition of Bypass Air?

A

Air that is accelerated by the single stage N1 fan and is ducted around the engine nacelle to produce most (80%) of the thrust generated at takeoff.

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6
Q

What is the definition of Core Air?

A

Air accelerated by the N1 fan that enters the N2 core where it is compressed, mixed with fuel and ignited. The resulting combustion gases are then exhausted onto the high pressure turbines to drive the N2 assembly. The exhaust gases are then discharged onto the low pressure turbines to drive the N1 fan. Jet pipe thrust accounts for a smaller portion (14%) of the thrust generated at takeoff.

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7
Q

What is the function of the N1 fan Inlet Temperature Probe (T2)?

A

It provides temperature data to the FADEC to set engine thrust (power) and control the variable geometry

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8
Q

What is the maximum ITT to introduce fuel during a ground start?

A

120 degrees C

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9
Q

What is the maximum ITT to introduce fuel during an in flight start?

A

90 degrees C

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10
Q

What is the function of the Low Pressure Turbine Assembly?

A

It powers the N1 Compressor

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11
Q

What is the function of the High Pressure Turbine Assembly?

A

It powers the N2 Compressor.

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12
Q

How many stages comprise the high pressure compressor (N2)?

A

10

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13
Q

What is the definition of variable geometry (VG) axial flow compressor?

A

The variable geometry (VG) system regulates airflow across the N2 compressor by changing the position of the inlet guide vanes and the stator vanes for the first four stages of the compressor.

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14
Q

What is the function of the Inlet Guide Vanes?

A

The inlet guide vanes direct the N1 discharge air into the compressor inlet (core) at the correct angle of attack to minimize turbulence.

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15
Q

What is the function of the Operability Bleed Valve?

A

The operability valve extracts bleed air to offload the compressor during engine starts and during high aerodynamic loading of the compressor.

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16
Q

What controls the variable geometry (VG) compressor and the operability valve?

A

The operability valve is programmed by the FADEC and hydraulically activated by high pressure fuel from the engine’s fuel metering unit.

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17
Q

What mechanical force drives the variable geometry compressor (VG), inlet guide vanes and operability valve?

A

High pressure fuel from the engine’s fuel metering unit).

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18
Q

What are the uses for the engine fuel system besides providing fuel for combustion?

A
  • Actuate the VG compressor linkage
  • Operate the operability valve
  • Cool the engine oil (heat transfer)
  • Actuate & lubricate the fuel system components
  • Provide motive flow for the scavenge & main ejectors
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19
Q

What is the function of the Full Authority Digital Electronic Control (FADEC)?

A

The FADEC is a two-channel digital electronic control computer that controls the fuel flow and the airflow to the engine.

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20
Q

How many FADEC units are installed on each engine?

A

One

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21
Q

How many channels comprise each FADEC unit?

A

Two

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22
Q

What is the function of the FADEC channel operating in standby mode?

A

The standby channel of the FADEC processes all the input information but does not provide control output. It automatically provides output control if the operating FADEC fails.

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23
Q

When do the in-control and standby channels of the FADEC normally swap?

A

The FADEC channels swap during every engine shutdown when the N2 rpm is 3%.

24
Q

What is the normal source of FADEC electrical power?

A

When engine rpm is greater than 50% N2, a designated accessory gearbox-mounted FADEC alternator supplies power to both FADEC channels.

25
Q

What source will supply electrical power to the FADEC in the event of a FADCE alternator failure or if the N2 on its engine is less than 50%?

A

Below 50% N2, the aircraft’s electrical system powers the FADEC system for starting and backup.

26
Q

What is the function of single engine thrust management?

A

The FADEC will automatically increase the thrust on the operating engine when the other engine fails. The value of the increased thrust is dependant on the position of the thrust lever at the time of the engine loss.

27
Q

What thrust setting will be achieved on the operating engine during an engine failure with the thrust levers in the TOGA detent?

A

Automatic Performance Reserve (APR) thrust

28
Q

What thrust setting will be achieved on the operating engine during an engine failure with the thrust levers in the Climb (CLB) detent?

A

Maximum Continuous Thrust (MCT)

29
Q

What thrust setting will be achieved on the operating engine during an engine failure with the thrust levers in the Cruise (CRZ) detent?

A

A proportional increase in thrust

30
Q

What is the function of Automatic Performance Reserve (APR)?

A

When an engine fails, the Automatic Performance Reserve (APR) feature of the FADEC will automatically increase thrust for the operating engine to the emergency power setting of APR power (13,790 lbs of thrust).

31
Q

How is Automatic Performance Reserve (APR) indicated in the cockpit?

A

A green “APR” icon appears in the center of the N1 gauge of the operating engine.

32
Q

How can both engines achieve APR thrust simultaneously?

A

By advancing both thrust levers to the Max Power detent, or by pressing the HIGH POWER SCHEDULE switchlight on the center pedestal while both thrust levers are in the TOGA detent.

33
Q

What is the function of the HIGH POWER SCHEDULE switchlight?

A

When selected, it commands both FADECS to deliver the next higher thrust schedule. TOGA increases to APR, Climb increases to MCT & Cruise increases proportionally to provide a smooth transition to MCT as the thrust lever for the operating engine is advanced to the Climb (CLB) detent.

34
Q

When is the FADEC capable of calculating the most accurate takeoff thrust setting?

A

The calculation is most accurate with the engines at idle speed.

35
Q

What is the function of the N1 caret?

A

The N1 caret readout indicates the thrust lever value set by the FADEC based on the thrust lever position.

36
Q

What is the function of the Thrust Mode Annunciation?

A

The thrust mode annunciation identifies the position of the thrust lever during most phases of operation or a specific armed condition.

37
Q

What is the function of Flex Thrust?

A

Flex Thrust is used for takeoff when weather and runway conditions are favorable. Flex Thrust takeoffs significantly reduce fuel consumption, temperature and pressure which extends the usable life of the engine.

38
Q

How is Flex Thrust differentiated from Normal Takeoff Thrust?

A

The flex indications (FLX) are displayed in magenta below the N1 gauges.

39
Q

How is Reverse Thrust identified on the N1 gauges?

A

By a green “REV” icon inside the N1 analogue gauge

40
Q

Which engine is the master in the synchronization system?

A

The left engine is designated the master and the right engine is the slave.

41
Q

When are the Oil Pressure analog gauges removed from the Primary page?

A

After both engines have been started and the oil pressure is in the normal range

42
Q

Where are the left and right oil tank quanties displayed in the cockpit?

A

On the ECP MENU page.

43
Q

Where is the location of the two bleed air tapings on the engine compressor?

A

Bleed air is extracted from the 6th or 10th stage of the engine compressor.

44
Q

What aircraft functions does the bleed air system provide?

A
  • Wing anti-icing
  • Engine cowl anti-icing
  • Air conditioning
  • Pressurization
  • Crossbleed engine starting
45
Q

What is the function of the Start Valve?

A

When the START switchlight is pressed, the FADEC supplies electrical power to energize the solenoid to allow pneumatic pressure to open the start valve and engage the Air Turbine Starter (ATS).

46
Q

What is the function of the Air Turbine Starter (ATS)?

A

The Air Turbine Starter (ATS) converts pneumatic energy into mechanical motion which turns the accessory gearbox.

47
Q

What air sources can pressurize the bleed air manifold?

A
  • Auxlilary Power Unit (APU)
  • External bleed source (bottle or cart)
  • Bleed air from opposite engine (crossbleed)
48
Q

Where can the pneumatic manifold pressure be observed in the cockpit?

A

The Environmental Control System (ECS) synoptic page.

49
Q

How many ignitors are activated during a ground start?

A

One

50
Q

How many ignitors are activated during an in flight start?

A

Two

51
Q

When are the igniters activated during engine start?

A

The FADEC automatically activates ignition when the thrust lever if moved from the Shutoff to the Idle position.

52
Q

What is the function of the continuous ignition switchlight located on the Start/Ignition panel?

A

The single continuous ignition switchlight on the overhead panel provides manual continuous ignition control to both engines simultaneously.

53
Q

What are the two levels of protection the FADEC unit and the Stall Protection Computer provide?

A
  • As the aircraft’s angle of attack reaches the stick shaker firing angle, the stall protection computer signals the FADEC to energize both ignition channels & the “CONT IGNITION” status (white) message is displayed.
  • If airflow through the engine is disrupted, the FADEC provides a second signal to energize both ignition channels and opens the Operability Valve to offload the compressor. The advisory (green) message “L AUTO IGNITION” & “R AUTO IGNITION” are presented.
54
Q

What other aircraft systems are influenced by thrust lever position?

A
  • Landing Gear Warning System
  • Takeoff Configuration Warning System
  • Cabin Pressurization System
  • Ground Lift Dumping System
55
Q

How are the thrust reversers actuated?

A

Hydraulically

56
Q

What does an amber “REV” icon inside the N1 scale indicate?

A

The thrust reverser is in transition or is unlocked.

57
Q

What does a green “REV” icon inside the N1 scale indicate?

A

The thrust reverser is fully deployed.

CRJ 700 ENY STUDY GUIDE (17 decks)

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