Pediatrics

Question 1

when are Apgars performed?

Answer 1

1, 5 and 10 minutes post partum

Question 2

At what age does the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 2

10-26 months

Question 3

At what age does the posterior fontanelle close?

Answer 3

1-3 months

Question 4

If a patient has a third fontanelle along the sagitattal suture, what condition should be tested for?

Answer 4

Trisomy 21

Question 5

A newborn has a subconjunctival hemorrhage, Treatment?

Answer 5

Watchful waiting, likely due to birthing trauma

Question 6

At what point in development is strabisumus concerning?

Answer 6

After 4 months of age

Question 7

Webbed neck

Answer 7

Turner syndrome

Question 8

What is considered tachypnea in a newborn

Answer 8

> 60 pm

Question 9

A newborn male has no testes in his scrotal sack, what measures should be taken?

Answer 9

Observe until age 1 then refer to pediatric urologist

Question 10

In a newborn, what is a tuft of hair that cross the midline along the spine concerning for?

Answer 10

spina bifida

Question 11

What is normal blood glucose for an infant?

Answer 11

50-80, 3 hours post partum

Question 12

When is newborn jaundice concerning?

Answer 12

Before 24 hours of life

Question 13

What are the 4 most common causes/treatment for jaundice?

Answer 13

ABO incompatability, RH isoimmunization, hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD deficiency - all phototherapy, transfusion in the first 2 to 3 if necessary

Question 14

At what serum level of bilirubin is there a danger of encephalopathy in a newborn?

Answer 14

20-25, though goes down with weight

Question 15

What is the most common cause of speech or language delay?

Answer 15

chronic ear infection induced conductive hearing loss

Question 16

What is the IQ definition of mental retardation?

Answer 16

IQ < 70

Question 17

adolescent is brought in by parent who is suspicious he is suicidal and ingested something. His breath smells of garlic. What is the likely culprit?

Answer 17

arsenic or organophosphates

Question 18

What is the treatment for aspirin overdose?

Answer 18

choarcoal induced emesis to bind medication, possible dialysis

Question 19

Child presents with acute onset fever and posterior pharynx grayish white vesicles and ulcers with erythematous halos which are linearly arranged on the palate, uvula and tonsillar pillars. Diagnosis? Tx?

Answer 19

Coxsackievirus, supportive treatment specifically fluids

Question 20

4 year old presents with 7 days of fever, conjunctivitis, strawberry tongue, unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, redness and swelling of the hands and feet which turned desquamating. What is the diagnosis? Work up? Treatment?

Answer 20

Kawaski’s disease - echo for possible aneurysms, treat with IV immunoglobulin and high dose aspirin

Question 21

child with a red slapped cheek appearance and lacy rash on torso, diagnosis?

Answer 21

Erythema infectiosum (fifths disease)

Question 22

Child who has a fever then develops a rash after 4 days of fever has resolved, diagnosis? cause?

Answer 22

herpes virus 6 or 7, roseola infantum

Question 23

Child with fever, cough, anorexia, coryza and maculopapular rash that spreads from the face to the extremities and Koplik spots in the mouth. Diagnosis?

Answer 23

Measles (rubeola)

Question 24

Child with a head to toe maculopapular rash, diagnosis? Risk to pregnant mom?

Answer 24

Rubella (german measles), teratogenic