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Q2 Pharm ABX, Vomit > UTI fluoroquinolone (lec 16) > Flashcards

UTI fluoroquinolone (lec 16) Flashcards

1
Q

UTI pathogens?

A

e. coli (80%)
staph saprophyticus (G+)
cath-assoc (U) G-

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2
Q

Fluoroquinolones primairly?

A

floxacins, olones

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3
Q

Medically important Fluoroquinolones are?

A

synthetic fluorinated analogs of naladixic acid

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4
Q

Fluoroquinolone mechanism?

A

inhibits DNA gyrase and Topo IV
Ѧ DNA doesn’t uncoil for duplication
or chromo separation into daughter cells

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5
Q

Fluoroquinolone static or cidal?

A

cidal

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6
Q

Fluoroquinolone effective against?

A

aerobic G- rods

G+

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7
Q

Which Fluoroquinolones are effective against anaerobes?

A

trova-
moxi-
gemifloxacin

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8
Q

Which Fluoroquinolone is antipseudomonal?

A

Cipro

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9
Q

DOC for anthrax prophylactic?

A

Cipro

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10
Q

Fluoroquinolone route of administration?

A

oral

Fe, Mg, Ca2+ can ↓ absorption

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11
Q

Fluoroquinolone distribution?

A

wide thru tissues

poor CNS

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12
Q

Fluoroquinolone side-effects?

A

GI
Cartilage erosion
Tendon rupture
↑ QT interval

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13
Q

Fluoroquinolone contraindicated for?

A

pregnants

kids

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14
Q

DOC enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia, shigella, salmonella, legionella?

A

(G- rods)

quinolone

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15
Q

Metronidazoles mechanism?

A

prodrug,

taken up in DNA

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16
Q

Metronidazoles static or cidal?

A

cidal

17
Q

Metronidazoles active against?

A

anaerobic G- and G+ bacilli

18
Q

Metronidazoles used to tx?

A 
oral infections (h. pylori)
lots of others
19
Q

Metronidazoles administered?

A

oral, IV, topical

20
Q

Metronidazoles side-effects?

A

GI
CNS or PNS toxicity
candida superinfection

21
Q

Exclusive UTI drugs? (3)

A

nitrofurantoin
methenamine
naladixic acid

22
Q

Exclusive for UTI why?

A

high [urinary] is cidal

doesn’t [ ] anywhere else in body to be helpful

23
Q

Nitrofurantoin mechanism?

A

prodrug,

damage DNA

24
Q

Nitrofurantoin spectrum?

A

wide static and cidal

25
Q

Nitrofurantoin active against?

A

G+ and G-

esp resistant e. coli

26
Q

Nitrofurantoin not active against?

A

proteus or pseudomonas

27
Q

Nitrofurantoin administered?

A

oral

28
Q

Nitrofurantoin contradinicated?

A

creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min
other renal dxs
pregnants
newborns

29
Q

Nitrofurantoin side-effects?

A

GI
hepatocellular damage
hemolytic anemia
interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

30
Q

Methenamine mechanism?

A

prodrug,

decomposes formaldehyde and ammonia in urinary tract

31
Q

Methenamine administration?

A

oral

32
Q

Methenamine active against?

A

Nearly all
esp e. coli
DOES NOT cause bacterial resistance to formaldehyde

33
Q

Methenamine side-effects?

A

GI

34
Q

Methenamine contraindicated?

A

hepatic and renal issues

35
Q

Nalidixic Acid mechanism?

A

inhibits DNA synth

36
Q

Nalidixic Acid active against?

A

G- except pseudomonas

Q2 Pharm ABX, Vomit (13 decks)

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