E2 Order Chamydiaceae

Question 1

What are the two important species in the family Chlamydiaceae?

Answer 1

1. Chlamydia (no species discussed)

2. Chlamydophila

Question 2

What is the gram reaction of the family Chlamydiaceae? What is special about their cell walls?

Answer 2

Gram-negative

Cell walls lack peptidoglycan!

Question 3

What is unique about the family Chlamydiaceae’s metabolism?

Answer 3

Dependant of the host’s ATP

Question 4

What two forms does the family Chlamydiaceae exist as?

Answer 4

1. Elementary body

2. Reticulate body

Question 5

Which form is infectious?

Answer 5

Elementary body

Question 6

Which form replicates?

Answer 6

Reticulate body

Question 7

What animals are affected by Chlamydophila psittaci?

Answer 7

Birds & HUMANS

Question 8

What is important to remember about Chlamydophila psittaci infections?

Answer 8

It is a REPORTABLE disease!

Question 9

What animal is least affected by Chlamydophila psittaci?

Answer 9

Chickens

Question 10

What cells are infected by Chlamydophila psittaci?

Answer 10

1. Epithelial cells
2. Macrophages
3. Synovial cells

Question 11

What is the route of exposure to Chlamydophila psittaci infection?

Answer 11

Inhalation of droplets or fecal dust

Question 12

What is the most infectious body substance in animals with Chlamydophila psittaci infections?

Answer 12

Feces

recovered birds shed organism for long periods

Question 13

What are a few clinical sign in turkeys of Chlamydophila psittaci infection?

Answer 13

1. Anorexia
2. Conjunctivitis +/- discharge
3. Green-yellow diarrhea

Question 14

What are some of the most useful diagnostic tests for Chlamydophila psittaci infection?

Answer 14

1. Culture in chicken embryos (cecal swab)
2. Stained smears of infective tissue
3. PCR

Question 15

Is there a vaccine available for Chlamydophila psittaci in Turkeys?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What bacteria is the major cause of abortions in sheep & cattle?

Answer 16

Chlamydophila abortus!

Question 17

What stage abortions occur with Chlamydophila abortus infection?

Answer 17

Late-term abortions

Question 18

Is there a vaccine for Chlamydophila abortus?

Answer 18

Yes!

Question 19

How does Chlamydophila abortus infection affect future fertility?

Answer 19

Animal remains fertile

Question 20

Does Chlamydophila abortus infect humans?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What species are infected with Chlamydophila pecorum?

Answer 21

1. Sheep & goats

2. Cattle

Question 22

What type of disease does infection with Chlamydophila pecorum cause?

Answer 22

1. Polyarthritis
2. Conjunctivitis
3. Diarrhea in young calves only

Question 23

What age of animals are more affected by Chlamydophila pecorum infection? What animal was recently discovered to be susceptible to infection?

Answer 23

Young calves and lambs

Koalas!

Question 24

What is the usual outcome of infection with pecorum in ruminants?

Answer 24

Spontaneous recovery
(except in very young calves)

Question 25

What clinical signs are caused by Chlamydophila felis infections in cats?

Answer 25

1. Conjunctivitis

2. Pneumonitis

Question 26

What age of animals are most susceptible to infection with Chlamydophila felis?

Answer 26

Young kittens

Question 27

Is there a vaccine against Chlamydophila felis?

Answer 27

Yes

reduces severity of infection

Question 28

How common is Chlamydophila felis infection in cats?

Answer 28

10-45% are seropositive

Question 29

What can be permanently damaged in cats infected with Chlamydophila felis?

Answer 29

Corneal scarring can occur