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+ CAPS 391 > Circulatory System (Arteries) > Flashcards

Circulatory System (Arteries) Flashcards

1
Q

What supplies the heart? (2)

A

right and left coronary arteries

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2
Q

What does the right coronary artery arise from?

Where does it run?

A

arises from right side of ascending aorta

runs in right side of coronary sulcus, and supplies right atrium and ventricle

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3
Q

What is the posterior interventricular artery?

What does it contribute to?

A

terminal branch of right coronary artery that runs in posterior interventricular sulcus

contributes to blood supply of posterior aspect of both ventricles

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4
Q

What does the left coronary artery arise from?

What does it give rise to?

A

arises from left side of ascending aorta and shortly after gives rise to anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

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5
Q

Where is the anterior interventricular artery?

What does it contribute to?

A

runs in anterior interventricular sulcus

contributes to blood supply of anterior aspect of both ventricles

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6
Q

Where is the circumflex artery?

What does it supply?

A

follows coronary sulcus to left side of heart and mainly

supplies left ventricle and left atrium

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7
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What are the 2 main arteries?

A

pulmonary trunk

aorta

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8
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What does the pulmonary trunk do?

A

carries deoxygenated blood to lungs

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9
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What does the pulmonary trunk arise from?

A

right ventricle

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10
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What does the pulmonary trunk divide into?

A

right and left pulmonary arteries under the arch of aorta

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11
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What does the aorta do?

A

distributes oxygenated blood throughout body

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12
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What does the aorta arise from?

How does it form the arch of aorta?

Where does it continue after?

A

from left ventricle and middle mediastinum as the ascending aorta

enters into superior mediastinum and arches to the left to form arch of aorta

continues in posterior mediastinum as descending aorta that descends on left side of vertebral column (thoracic aorta) and passes through diaphragm to enter abdominal cavity (abdominal aorta)

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13
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

Where does the abdominal aorta terminate and how?

A

at level of vertebrae LIV by dividing into right and left common iliac arteries

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14
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What are the branches of the ascending aorta? (2)

A

left coronary artery

right coronary artery

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15
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What are the 3 branches of the arch of aorta?

A

brachiocephalic trunk
left common carotid artery
left subclavian artery

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16
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What is the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

first branch that divides into right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

both have same course and branches as left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery

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17
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What is the left common carotid artery?

What does it divide into?

A

second branch that ascends on left side of neck

divides into external and internal carotid arteries at level of superior border of thyroid cartilage

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18
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What do common carotid arteries supply?

A

head and neck regions

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19
Q

Major Arteries Arising from the Heart

What is the left subclavian artery?

A

third branch that passes under clavicle toward left upper limb and continues as axillary artery after passing over first rib

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20
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck

What are the 3 main arteries?

A

external carotid artery
internal carotid artery
subclavian artery

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21
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What does it supply?

A

neck and part of head, which is outside the cranial cavity

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22
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What are the 6 branches?

A 
superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery
occipital artery
superficial temporal artery
maxillary artery
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23
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What does the superior thyroid artery do?

A

supplies thyroid gland and larynx

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24
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What does the lingual artery do?

A

supplies tongue

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25
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What does the facial artery do?

A

supplies face

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26
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What does the occipital artery do?

A

supplies part of scalp that covers occipital bone

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27
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What is the superficial temporal artery?

What does it do?

A

one of the terminal branches of external carotid artery that passes anterior to external ear

supplies scalp on sides of cranium

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28
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - External Carotid

What is the maxillary artery?

What does it do?

A

one of the terminal branches of external carotid artery

supplies deep part of face (including nasal and oral cavities, and pharynx)

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29
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Internal Carotid

Where are these arteries?

What does it form in contribution with the vertebral artery?

A

enters cranial cavity after passing through carotid canal to form cerebral arterial circle (of Willis) in contribution with vertebral artery

(none in neck)

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30
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Internal Carotid

What are the 3 branches?

A

ophthalmic artery
middle cerebral artery
anterior cerebral artery

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31
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Internal Carotid

What does the ophthalmic artery do?

A

supplies contents of orbital cavity

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32
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Internal Carotid

What does the middle cerebral artery do?

A

supplies most of lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres

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33
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Internal Carotid

What does the anterior cerebral artery do?

A

supplies major parts of medial surface of cerebral hemispheres (except occipital lobe)

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34
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

What are the 3 subclavian arteries?

A

vertebral artery
internal thoracic artery
thyrocervical artery

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35
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

Where does the vertebral artery pass through and enter?

A

passes through transverse foramina of cervical vertebrae (except CVII), and enters skull via foramen magnum

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36
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

What does the vertebral artery supply?

A

spinal cord, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum

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37
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian, Vertebral Artery

What is the basilar artery formed by?

A

right and left arteries join together

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38
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian, Vertebral Artery

What does the basilar artery supply?

A

pons and cerebellum

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39
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian, Vertebral Artery

How does the basilar artery end?

A

by dividing into posterior cerebral arteries that mainly supply inferior surface of cerebral hemispheres and part of medial surface of occipital lobes

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40
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

Where is the internal thoracic artery?

A

descends behind costal cartilages on either side of sternum

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41
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

What does the internal thoracic artery give rise to?

A

anterior intercostal arteries at level of each intercostal space, which will join with posterior intercostal arteries (branches of thoracic aorta)

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42
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian, Internal Thoracic

What do the anterior and posterior intercostal arteries contribute to?

A

blood supply of intercostal muscles, breast gland, muscles of anterior chest wall, and parietal sternocostal pleura

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43
Q

Arteries of Head and Neck - Subclavian

What is the thyrocervical artery?

What does it supply?

A

short artery that supplies structures at root of neck (including, but not limited to, larynx, trachea, thyroid gland, and muscles)

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44
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb

What are the 6 main arteries?

A 
axillary artery
brachial artery
radial artery
ulnar artery
superficial palmar arch
deep palmar arch
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45
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What is the axillary artery?

A

continuation of subclavian artery contained within axilla

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46
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

Where is the axillary artery?

A

extends between lateral border of first ribs and lower margin of teres major muscle

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47
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What are the 4 branches?

A
  • thoracoacromial artery
  • lateral thoracic artery
  • subscapular artery
  • anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
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48
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What does the thoracoacromial artery do?

A

mainly supplies anterior wall of axilla

49
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What does the lateral thoracic artery do?

A

supplies medial wall of axilla

50
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What does the subscapular artery do?

A

contributes in blood supply of scapular region

51
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Axillary

What do the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries do?

A

wind around surgical neck of humerus, and mainly assist in supplying deltoid muscle and shoulder joint

52
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Brachial

What is the brachial artery?

A

continuation of axillary artery and extends from lower margin of teres major muscle to cubital fossa

53
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Brachial

What does the brachial artery supply?

A

anterior compartment of arm

54
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Brachial

What is the deep brachial artery?

What does it do?

A

(main branch) supplies posterior compartment of arm

55
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Brachial

How does the brachial artery split?

A

ends by splitting into radial and ulnar arteries with cubital fossa

56
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Radial

Where is the radial artery?

A

descends on lateral side of forearm, and supplies muscles of lateral side of anterior and posterior compartments of forearm

wraps lateral to wrist

passes through first dorsal interosseous muscle

enters palmar aspect of hand, and forms deep palmar arch in contribution with ulnar artery

57
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Radial

Where is the profunda brachii artery?

What does it do?

A

on posterior aspect of arm

supplies triceps brachii

58
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Ulnar

Where is the ulnar artery?

A

continues on medial side of forearm

passes anterior to wrist

enters palmar aspect of hand

59
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Ulnar

What does the ulnar artery majorly contribute to?

A

formation of superficial palmar arch

60
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Ulnar

What does the ulnar artery supply?

A

muscles of medial side of anterior and posterior compartments of forearm

61
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb - Ulnar

What does the common interosseous artery do?

A

supplies deep muscles of anterior and posterior compartments of forearm

62
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb

Where is the superficial palmar arch?

What does it do?

A

underlies palmar aponeurosis

mainly contributes to ulnar arch

63
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb

Where is the deep palmar arch?

What does it do?

A

lies against metacarpal bones

mainly contributes to radial arch

64
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb

What are the branches of the superficial palmar arch and the deep palmar arch?

A

digital arteries

65
Q

Arteries of Upper Limb

What do digital arteries do?

A

supply hand and fingers (branches of both arches)

66
Q

What does the descending aorta split into?

A

thoracic aorta

abdominal aorta

67
Q

Arteries of Thorax

What is the main artery?

A

thoracic aorta

68
Q

Arteries of Thorax

Where is the thoracic aorta?

A

above diaphragm

69
Q

Arteries of Thorax

What is the thoracic aorta?

A

continuation of arch of aorta that descends in posterior mediastinum and passes through diaphragm at level of vertebra TXII

70
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What are the two branches?

A

parietal (somatic) branch

visceral branch

71
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What are the 2 arteries of the parietal (somatic) branch?

A

posterior intercostal arteries

superior phrenic arteries

72
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What are the 4 arteries of the visceral branch?

A

esophageal artery
pericardial artery
bronchial artery
mediastinal artery

73
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What does the parietal (somatic) branch do?

A

contribute in blood supply of thoracic walls

74
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

Where do posterior intercostal arteries travel (parietal/somatic branch)?

What do they supply?

A

travel within intercostal spaces and joint to anterior intercostal arteries to supply intercostal muscles, breast gland, muscles of anterior chest wall, and parietal sternocostal pleura

75
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What do superior phrenic arteries supply?

A

superior aspect of diaphragm and diaphragmatic pleura

76
Q

Arteries of Thorax - Thoracic Aorta

What does the visceral branch supply?

A

thoracic viscera (esophagus, pericardium lungs, and mediastinal lymph nodes)

77
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

Where is the abdominal aorta?

A

below diaphragm

stretches between vertebra TXII and LIV where it splits into left and right common iliac arteries

78
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What are the 2 branches?

A

parietal (somatic) branch

visceral branch

79
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What does the parietal (somatic) branch do?

A

supply diagram and posterior abdominal wall

80
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What are the 2 types of arteries of the parietal (somatic) branch?

A 
lumbar arteries (4)
inferior phrenic arteries
81
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What do lumbar arteries supply (parietal/somatic branch)?

A

posterior abdominal musculature and lumbar vertebrae

82
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What do inferior phrenic arteries supply (parietal/somatic branch)?

A

mainly supply inferior aspect of diaphragm

83
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What does the visceral branch supply?

A

abdominal viscera

84
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta

What are the 5 types of arteries of the visceral branch?

A 
celiac trunk 
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery
renal arteries
gonadal arteries
85
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What does the celiac trunk divide into?

What does it supply?

A

divides into left gastric, common hepatic, and splenic branches that supply abdominal esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, most of pancreas, and upper half of duodenum

86
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What does the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A

foregut

lower half of duodenum, small part of pancreas, small intestine except upper half of duodenum, cecum , appendix, ascending colon, right ⅔ of transverse colon

87
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

hindgut

left ⅓ of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and upper part of anal canal

88
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What do renal arteries supply?

A

kidneys, adrenal glands, and superior part of ureters

89
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What are gonadal arteries known as in females?

What do they supply?

A

ovarian arteries

supply ovaries

90
Q

Arteries of Abdomen - Abdominal Aorta (Parietal/Somatic Branch)

What are gonadal arteries known as in males?

What do they supply?

A

testicular arteries

supply testicles

91
Q

Arteries of Pelvis

What are the 2 main arteries?

A

left and right common iliac arteries

92
Q

Arteries of Pelvis

What are the left and right common iliac arteries?

What do they split into?

A

terminal branches of abdominal aorta that start at level of vertebrae LIV, and split into internal and external iliac arteries at level of sacroiliac joints

93
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What are the 2 branches?

A

parietal branch

visceral branch

94
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What are the 4 arteries of the parietal branch?

A
  • superior and inferior gluteal arteries
  • obturator artery
  • internal pudendal artery
95
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries supply?

A

gluteal region of lower limb

96
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

medial compartment of thigh

97
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What does the internal pudendal artery supply?

A

contents of anal and urogenital triangles of perineum

98
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - Internal Iliac

What does the viscera branch supply?

What are the branches named after?

A

pelvis viscera

including urinary bladder, rectum, and internal genital organs in female (uterus and vagina) and male (prostate, seminal vesicle, and vas deferens)

branches named after organ they supply (ie. uterine and prostatic arteries)

99
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - External Iliac

Where does the external iliac artery start and what artery does it continue as?

A

starts at level of sacroiliac joint and passed deep to inguinal ligament and continues as femoral artery

100
Q

Arteries of Pelvis - External Iliac

What does the external iliac artery supply?

A

anterior abdominal wall and false pelvis musculature

101
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs

What are 6 arteries?

A 
femoral artery
popliteal artery
anterior tibial artery
dorsalis pedis artery
posterior tibial artery
medial and lateral plantar arteries
102
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Femoral

Where does the femoral artery start and travel?

What artery does it continue as?

A

starts at midpoint of inguinal ligament, descends in femoral triangle and adductor canal, and continues as popliteal artery after passing through adductor hiatus

103
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Femoral

What does the femoral artery supply?

A

anterior and medial compartments of thigh

104
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Femoral

What is the main branch of the femoral artery?

A

deep femoral (profunda femoris) artery

105
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Femoral

What does the deep femoral (profunda femoris) artery supply?

A

posterior compartment of thigh

106
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs

What arteries does the deep femoral (profunda femoris) artery give off?

What do they supply?

A

medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries that encircle proximal end of femur and supply hip joint and surrounding musculature

107
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Popliteal

Where does the popliteal artery start?

What does it divide into?

A

starts at adductor hiatus and divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries after passing through popliteal fossa

108
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Popliteal

What does the popliteal artery supply?

A

knee joint and soft tissues around it

109
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Anterior Tibial

Where does the anterior tibial artery travel?

A

passes through interosseous membrane between tibia and fibula and enters anterior compartment of leg

110
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Anterior Tibial

What does the anterior tibial artery supply?

A

muscles of anterior compartment of leg

111
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Anterior Tibial

What does the anterior tibial artery continue as, and where?

A

dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot) after passing ankle joint

112
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Dorsalis Pedis

What does the dorsalis pedis supply?

A

supplies tarsal bones and joints between them, muscles of dorsum of foot

then passes through first dorsal interosseous muscle to enter sole of foot to contribute in formation of plantar arterial arch

113
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Posterior Tibial

What is the posterior tibial artery?

A

continuation of popliteal artery

114
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Posterior Tibial

What does the posterior tibial artery supply?

A

posterior and lateral compartments of legs

115
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Posterior Tibial

Where does the posterior tibial artery travel?

What does it divide into?

A

passes behind medial malleolus

divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries after entering plantar aspect of foot

116
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Medial and Lateral Plantar

What do the medial and lateral plantar arteries supply?

A

muscles of sole of foot and foot joints

117
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Medial and Lateral Plantar

What forms the plantar arterial arch?

A

lateral plantar artery joins terminal branch of dorsalis pedis artery

118
Q

Arteries of Lower Limbs - Medial and Lateral Plantar

What do the branches of the plantar arterial arch supply?

A

contribute to blood supply of toes

+ CAPS 391 (28 decks)

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