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ap biology

This class was created by Brainscape user Irina Soloshenko. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.

By: Irina Soloshenko
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Decks in this class (383)

1.1.1 Properties of Life
No deck description has yet been added by the author.
11  cards
1.2.1 An Introduction to Biology
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8  cards
1.2.2 The Nature of Science: The Story of Darwin
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7  cards
1.2.3 Early Scientific Thought
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13  cards
1.2.4 The Emerging Science of Geology
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14  cards
1.3.1 Linnaeus, Buffon, and Lamarck
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13  cards
1.3.2 Darwin: The Voyage Continues
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11  cards
1.3.3 Darwin: More Observations
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7  cards
1.4.1 Darwin: The Theory of Natural Selection
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11  cards
1.4.2 The Theory of Natural Selection
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13  cards
1.4.3 Contrasting Lamarck and Darwin
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9  cards
1.4.4 Contrasting Lamarck and Darwin, Part II
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8  cards
1.5.1 Fossil Formation, Dating, and Indexing
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10  cards
1.5.2 The Fossil Record
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16  cards
1.5.3 Some Fossil Surprises
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11  cards
1.5.4 The Coevolution of Horses and Plants
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12  cards
1.5.5 Mass Extinctions: An Asteroid Can Ruin Your Day
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15  cards
1.6.1 Human Evolution: What Is a Primate?
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10  cards
1.6.2 Human Evolution: The Family Tree
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12  cards
1.6.3 Human Evolution: The Fossil Record
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7  cards
1.7.1 Evidence for Evolution: Biochemical Similarities
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10  cards
1.7.2 Evidence for Evolution: Vestigial Structures
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11  cards
1.7.3 Homologous Structures
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9  cards
1.8.1 Species Concepts
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8  cards
1.8.2 Speciation
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13  cards
1.8.3 Prezygotic Reproductive Isolation
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14  cards
1.8.4 Postzygotic Reproductive Isolation
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10  cards
1.9.1 Artificial Selection in Action
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8  cards
1.9.2 Natural Selection in Action
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8  cards
1.10.1 History of Life: The Heterotroph Hypothesis: An Overview
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12  cards
1.10.2 The Heterotroph Hypothesis: An Introduction
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12  cards
1.10.3 The Origin of Life: Life from Nonlife
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12  cards
1.10.4 The Heterotroph Hypothesis: Protobionts
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12  cards
1.10.5 The Heterotroph Hypothesis: The First Genetic Material
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14  cards
1.10.6 The Origin of Life: The Rest of the Story
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6  cards
1.11.1 The Linnaean System
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9  cards
1.11.2 The Linnaean System: Still Changing
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6  cards
2.1.1 Atomic Structure: SPONCH and the Atom
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13  cards
2.1.2 Electrons, Orbitals, and Electron Shells
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14  cards
2.1.3 Ions, Ionization, and Isotopes
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17  cards
2.1.4 Isotopes: Unraveling Photosynthesis
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9  cards
2.2.1 Bonding and Electronegativity
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11  cards
2.2.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonds
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9  cards
2.2.3 Polar Covalent Bonds, Hydrogen Bonds, and Van der Waals Interactions
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14  cards
2.3.1 Water: Hydrogen Bonding, Solubility, and Specific Heat
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10  cards
2.3.2 Water: Adhesion, Cohesion, and a Solid That Floats
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12  cards
2.3.3 Water: Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Substance
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12  cards
2.3.4 Dissociation of Water and the pH Scale
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14  cards
2.3.5 Hemoglobin as a Buffer
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7  cards
2.4.1 Carbon Chemistry and Isomers
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11  cards
2.4.2 Functional Side Groups
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13  cards
2.5.1 Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides
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11  cards
2.5.2 Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis: Disaccharides
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12  cards
2.5.3 Polysaccharides: Energy Storage Molecules
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11  cards
2.5.4 Polysaccharides: Structural Molecules
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10  cards
2.6.1 Lipids: An Introduction
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14  cards
2.6.2 Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fats
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10  cards
2.6.3 Phospholipids, Waxes, and Steroids
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10  cards
2.6.4 Nucleic Acids: An Introduction to Genetic Material
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11  cards
2.7.1 Proteins: Amino Acids and the Peptide Bond
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10  cards
2.7.2 Amino Acids: The R Groups
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8  cards
2.7.3 Primary and Secondary Structure
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12  cards
2.7.4 Tertiary Structure
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13  cards
2.7.5 Quaternary Structure
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8  cards
2.7.6 Protein Structure: A Summary
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12  cards
2.8.1 Bioenergetics: The Laws of Thermodynamics
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15  cards
2.8.2 Activation Energy
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8  cards
2.8.3 Enzyme Characteristics
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11  cards
2.9.1 Enzyme Action: The Induced-Fit Model
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11  cards
2.9.2 Enzyme Regulation: Allosteric Regulation
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10  cards
2.9.3 Feedback Inhibition and Cooperativity
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6  cards
3.1.1 The History of Cytology
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12  cards
3.1.2 Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
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8  cards
3.1.3 Plant and Animal Cell Overview: The Basics
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9  cards
3.1.4 Membranes: Basic Structure
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10  cards
3.1.5 The Nuclear Envelope: The Initial Tour
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8  cards
3.1.6 Nuclear Function: Who's in Charge?
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8  cards
3.2.1 Cellular Function: Endoplasmic Reticulum
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10  cards
3.2.2 Cell Function: Golgi Apparatus
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12  cards
3.2.3 Food Vacuole Formation: The Role of the Lysosome
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9  cards
3.2.4 Still More Vacuoles and Peroxisomes
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13  cards
3.2.5 Mitochondria: Welcome Guests
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11  cards
3.2.6 The Origin of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
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10  cards
3.3.1 The Cytoskeleton: Basic Components
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10  cards
3.3.2 Centrioles, Flagella, and Cilia
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10  cards
3.3.3 Cell Walls
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9  cards
3.4.1 Plasma Membrane: The Extracellular Matrix
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10  cards
3.4.2 The Plasma Membrane: The Fluid-Mosaic Model
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9  cards
3.4.3 Proteins as the Mosaic of the Cell Membrane
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11  cards
3.4.4 Animal Cell Junctions
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9  cards
3.5.1 Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
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7  cards
3.5.2 Passive Transport: Osmosis
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8  cards
3.5.3 Active Transport: Ion Pumps and Cotransport
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8  cards
3.5.4 Active Transport: The Sodium-Potassium Pump
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10  cards
3.5.5 Energy-Requiring Transport: Endocytosis and Exocytosis
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12  cards
3.6.1 Tools of the Cytologist: Light and Fluorescent Microscopy
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12  cards
3.6.2 Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopes
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10  cards
3.6.3 Freeze Fracture and Differential Centrifugation
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7  cards
3.7.1 Major Modes of Nutrition Among Organisms
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11  cards
4.1.1 ATP Structure and Function
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10  cards
4.1.2 Phosphorylated Intermediates
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8  cards
4.1.3 Respiration: An Overview
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9  cards
4.1.4 Redox: A Brief Review
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11  cards
4.1.5 Energy Release from Sugar: A Demo
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5  cards
4.1.6 Coenzymes: The Role of NAD+
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8  cards
4.2.1 Glycolysis: The Initial Steps: Energy Input
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9  cards
4.2.2 Glycolysis: The Energy Payoff
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11  cards
4.2.3 Anaerobic Respiration: The Fermentation of Pyruvate
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14  cards
4.3.1 Aerobic Respiration: The Acetyl CoA Step
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10  cards
4.3.2 Aerobic Respiration: The Krebs Cycle
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9  cards
4.3.3 Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle
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10  cards
4.4.1 The Electron Transport Chain
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7  cards
4.4.2 Oxidative Phosphorylation
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13  cards
4.4.3 ATP Yield from Aerobic Respiration
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8  cards
4.4.4 Other Fuels in Respiration
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11  cards
4.4.5 The Evolution of Glycolysis
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8  cards
5.1.1 The Unraveling of Photosynthesis: A Historical Perspective
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10  cards
5.1.2 Photosynthesis: Twentieth-Century Breakthroughs
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9  cards
5.1.3 Photosynthesis: The Final Picture
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9  cards
5.2.1 The Leaf: Adaptations for Photosynthesis
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12  cards
5.2.2 The Structure of a Chloroplast
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7  cards
5.2.3 Photosynthetic Pigments
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11  cards
5.2.4 The Nature of Light
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7  cards
5.2.5 Photoexcitation and Electron Transfer
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6  cards
5.3.1 The Light Reactions: An Introduction
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7  cards
5.3.2 Photosystem 1
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8  cards
5.3.3 Photosystem 2
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10  cards
5.3.4 The Light Reactions: A Summary
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6  cards
5.4.1 The Calvin Cycle
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8  cards
5.4.2 The Calvin Cycle: RuBP Regeneration
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6  cards
5.4.3 A Review of Photosynthesis
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6  cards
5.5.1 Photorespiration
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7  cards
5.5.2 C4 Plants and CAM Plants
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8  cards
5.5.3 The Evolution of Photosynthesis
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6  cards
6.1.1 Molecular Genetics: The Protein vs. DNA Debate
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11  cards
6.1.2 Continuing to Link Genes to Chemicals: Muller, Beadle, and Tatum
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8  cards
6.1.3 Griffith and Transformation
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7  cards
6.1.4 Avery, MacLeod and McCarty/Hershey and Chase: DNA Wins!
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7  cards
6.1.5 Chargaff and Franklin and Wilkins: The DNA Story Begins
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7  cards
6.2.1 Watson and Crick: The Clues
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9  cards
6.2.2 Watson and Crick: The Double Helix
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7  cards
6.3.1 Replication: Meselson and Stahl
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11  cards
6.3.2 DNA: Polymerization with Triphosphate Nucleotides
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8  cards
6.4.1 Events at the Replication Fork: The Leading Strand
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10  cards
6.4.2 Events at the Leading Strand, Part II
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7  cards
6.4.3 Events at the Replication Fork: The Lagging Strand
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8  cards
6.4.4 Proofreading, End Replication, and Telomeres
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8  cards
6.4.5 DNA Replication: A Summary
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12  cards
6.5.1 Transcription and Translation: An Overview
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8  cards
6.5.2 Transcription: RNA Formation from the DNA Template
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10  cards
6.5.3 Transcription: Termination and RNA Protection
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10  cards
6.5.4 Posttranscriptional Modification/RNA Splicing
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10  cards
6.6.1 Translation: Ribosomal and Transfer RNA
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10  cards
6.6.2 The Role of Transfer RNA: Charging a tRNA Molecule
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7  cards
6.6.3 Translation: Initiation Events
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12  cards
6.6.4 Translation/Elongation: The Initiation of Elongation
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8  cards
6.6.5 Elongation Continued and Termination
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8  cards
6.7.1 Polypeptide Destinations: Signal Peptides and ER Ribosomes
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8  cards
6.7.2 Protein Synthesis: An Overview
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10  cards
6.8.1 Control Mechanisms: Lactose Metabolism in E. coli
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11  cards
6.8.2 Jacob and Monod's Model: The lac Operon
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10  cards
6.8.3 lac Operon: The Summary
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10  cards
6.9.1 The Eukaryotic Genome: DNA Packing
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8  cards
6.9.2 Eukaryotic Genomic Organization: Repetitive DNA
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9  cards
6.9.3 Eukaryotic Genomic Organization: Gene Families
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8  cards
6.9.4 Eukaryotic Genomic Organization: Transposons and Amplified Genes
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10  cards
6.10.1 Eukaryotic Gene Control: Transcriptional Controls
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14  cards
6.10.2 Eukaryotic Control Mechanisms: Posttranscriptional and Posttranslational Controls
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11  cards
6.10.3 Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes: Protein-Making Machinery
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7  cards
7.1.1 Biotechnology: Plasmids in Prokaryotes
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8  cards
7.1.2 Using a Restriction Enzyme to Create a Vector
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8  cards
7.1.3 Biotechnology: Gene Cloning
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7  cards
7.1.4 Biotechnology: Detection of Cell Clones
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7  cards
7.2.1 Biotechnology: Reverse Transcriptase: A Tool Taken from Viruses
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7  cards
7.2.2 Using Reverse Transcriptase to Make cDNA
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9  cards
7.2.3 Electrophoresis: Separating DNA
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6  cards
7.2.4 Sequencing DNA: The Sanger Method
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8  cards
7.3.1 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms: Genetic Markers
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5  cards
7.3.2 Polymerase Chain Reaction: DNA Amplification
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5  cards
7.3.3 DNA Fingerprinting
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8  cards
7.3.4 Southern Blotting
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7  cards
7.3.5 Detecting DNA Homology: A Biotechnology Summary
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6  cards
7.4.1 The Human Gene Pool
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7  cards
7.4.2 The Human Genome Project: Recent Findings
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6  cards
7.4.3 The Human Genome Project: Applications
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2  cards
8.1.1 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
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9  cards
8.1.2 Mitosis: An Overview
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10  cards
8.1.3 Mitosis: The Phases
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8  cards
8.1.4 Cytokinesis
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10  cards
8.2.1 Cell-Cycle Regulation: Protein Kinases
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11  cards
8.2.2 Cell-Cycle Regulation: Other Mechanisms
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8  cards
8.2.3 Cancer: When Mitosis Goes Unchecked
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9  cards
8.2.4 The ras Gene and the p53 Gene
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8  cards
8.3.1 Sexual Reproduction and the Role of Meiosis
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12  cards
8.3.2 Homologous Chromosomes: Thanks, Mom and Dad!
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8  cards
8.3.3 Meiosis: Prophase I
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9  cards
8.3.4 Disjunction and Meiosis II
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7  cards
8.3.5 Mitosis vs. Meiosis
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7  cards
8.4.1 Independent Assortment
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7  cards
8.4.2 Spermatogenesis: Meiosis in Males
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8  cards
8.4.3 Oogenesis: Meiosis in Females
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7  cards
9.1.1 Heredity: The Story of Gregor Mendel
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18  cards
9.1.2 Mendel's Findings: A First Look at Phenotypic Ratios
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14  cards
9.1.3 Mendel's Conclusions: Alternate Alleles and Dominance
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14  cards
9.1.4 Mendel's Conclusions: Segregation and Recombination
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14  cards
9.2.1 Determining Heterozygosity: Test Crosses and Back Crosses
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9  cards
9.2.2 Mendelian Inheritance
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9  cards
9.3.1 Segregation and Independent Assortment
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9  cards
9.3.2 Independent Assortment: An Explanation
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9  cards
9.4.1 Laws of Probability: Rule of Multiplication
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17  cards
9.4.2 The Multiplicative Law: Some Extensions
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12  cards
9.4.3 Laws of Probability: The Additive Rule
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21  cards
9.4.4 Using the Laws of Probability in Dihybrid Crosses
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18  cards
9.5.1 What Is a Dominant Gene? Intermediate Inheritance
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15  cards
9.5.2 Codominance and Multiple Alleles: ABO Blood Genes
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13  cards
9.5.3 ABO Blood Groups: Inheritance Patterns and Pedigree Charts
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14  cards
9.6.1 Epistasis: One Gene Affecting Another
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17  cards
9.6.2 The Bombay Phenotype: Infidelity or Epistasis?
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15  cards
9.7.1 Polygenic Inheritance
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9  cards
9.7.2 Pleiotropy: Multiple Phenotypic Effects
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11  cards
9.7.3 Sickle Cell Anemia: The Case against Dominant and Recessive
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7  cards
9.8.1 Linked Genes
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16  cards
9.8.2 Crossing Over and Recombination: A Tool for Mapping Genes
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19  cards
9.8.3 Gene Mapping Using Recombination Frequencies
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6  cards
9.8.4 Linking Genes to Chromosomes: The Work of Morgan
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8  cards
9.8.5 Morgan's Conclusions
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15  cards
9.9.1 Sex-Linked Traits in Humans
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8  cards
9.9.2 X Inactivation in Humans
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10  cards
9.9.3 The Use of Pedigree Charts to Determine Possible Genotypes
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8  cards
9.9.4 Pedigree Chart: Problem Review
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8  cards
9.10.1 Problems in Heredity
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11  cards
9.10.2 Problems in Heredity: Chromosomal Aberrations
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8  cards
9.10.3 Translocations: 14/21 Downs
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9  cards
9.11.1 Genetic Mutation
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8  cards
9.11.2 Genetic Mutation: Different Forms of Point Mutations
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10  cards
9.11.3 Genetic Mutation: Insertion and Deletion
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7  cards
9.11.4 Genetic Screening
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8  cards
10.1.1 Population Genetics: Darwin Meets Mendel
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13  cards
10.1.2 An Introduction to Hardy-Weinberg Theory
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14  cards
10.1.3 The Hardy-Weinberg Equation
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7  cards
10.1.4 Using the Hardy-Weinberg Theory
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7  cards
10.1.5 Using the Hardy-Weinberg Theory II
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7  cards
10.1.6 Hardy-Weinberg: What Does This Have to Do with Evolution?
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10  cards
10.2.1 Microevolution by Genetic Drift
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7  cards
10.2.2 Microevolution: Continued
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11  cards
10.3.1 Variations Within and Between Populations
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8  cards
10.3.2 Modes of Selection
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12  cards
10.3.3 The Perfect Organism
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12  cards
10.4.1 Speciation: What Is a Species?
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13  cards
10.4.2 Allopatric Speciation
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12  cards
10.4.3 Sympatric Speciation
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13  cards
10.5.1 Time Frame for Evolution: Gradualism vs. Punctuated Equilibrium
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10  cards
11.1.1 Classifying the Products of Evolution: Taxonomy
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11  cards
11.1.2 Building a Cladogram
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9  cards
11.1.3 Molecular Methods for Classifying Organisms
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9  cards
11.1.4 A Phylogenetic Tree of Organisms: A Three-Domain System
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7  cards
11.2.1 The Archaea
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8  cards
11.3.1 The Bacteria
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13  cards
11.4.1 Protists: Archaezoa and Euglenozoa
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8  cards
11.4.2 Protists: Alveolata and Stramenopila
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8  cards
11.5.1 Plant Phylogeny: The Colonization of Land
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9  cards
11.5.2 Plant Phylogeny and Alternation of Generations
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12  cards
11.6.1 Alternation of Generations: Mosses
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8  cards
11.6.2 Alternation of Generations: Ferns
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8  cards
11.6.3 Alternation of Generations: Gymnosperms
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8  cards
11.7.1 Alternation of Generations: The Structure of a Flower
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9  cards
11.7.2 Alternation of Generations: Angiosperms
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8  cards
11.7.3 Embryogenesis in Angiosperms: Dicots and Monocots
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8  cards
11.8.1 Introduction to the Fungi
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8  cards
11.8.2 Diversity of Fungi
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8  cards
11.9.1 Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree of Animals: Animal Development
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9  cards
11.9.2 Developmental Data for the Phylogenetic Tree of Animals
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9  cards
11.9.3 The Formation of Body Cavities
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7  cards
11.9.4 Protostomes and Deuterostomes
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12  cards
11.9.5 Animal Diversity: The Cambrian Explosion and the Move to Land
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12  cards
11.10.1 Introduction to Animals: Parazoa and Radiata
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8  cards
11.10.2 Animals: Acoelomates, Pseudocoelomates, and Coelomates
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8  cards
11.10.3 Diversity of Protostome Species
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7  cards
11.11.1 Diversity of Deuterostome Species
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8  cards
11.11.2 Diversity of Vertebrate Species
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8  cards
11.12.1 Animal Development: A Close-up Look at Fertilization Events
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11  cards
11.12.2 Cleavage, Gastrulation, and Organogenesis: A Closer Look
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10  cards
11.12.3 Events of Gastrulation and Organogenesis
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15  cards
11.13.1 Pattern Formation in Drosophila
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9  cards
11.13.2 Pattern Formation in Drosophila, continued
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11  cards
11.14.1 Viruses and Prions: Living or Nonliving?
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10  cards
12.1.1 Animal Homeostasis
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8  cards
12.1.2 Mechanisms of Homeostasis
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10  cards
12.1.3 Animal Tissues: Epithelial Tissue
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15  cards
12.1.4 Animal Tissues: Loose Connective Tissue
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10  cards
12.1.5 Animal Tissues: Dense, Fluid, and Supportive Connective Tissue
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12  cards
12.1.6 Animal Tissue: Muscle and Nerve Tissue
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14  cards
12.2.1 The Structure of Bone
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3  cards
12.3.1 Introduction to the Digestive System
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9  cards
12.3.2 The Beginning of Chemical Digestion
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11  cards
12.3.3 Chemical Digestion in the Small Intestine
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14  cards
12.3.4 Human Nutrition: Absorption
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12  cards
12.3.5 The Fate of Absorbed Nutrients
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4  cards
12.3.6 Egestion
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13  cards
12.4.1 Introduction to the Gas Exchange of Animals
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10  cards
12.4.2 Human Gas Exchange System
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12  cards
12.4.3 Human Gas Exchange: The Roles of Respiratory Pigments
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13  cards
12.4.4 Carbon Dioxide Transport
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12  cards
12.4.5 Structure of the Human Heart
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11  cards
12.5.1 Maintaining the Human Heartbeat
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11  cards
12.5.2 Human Circulation: Blood Vessels
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12  cards
12.6.1 Human Circulation: Blood Pressure
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10  cards
12.6.2 Blood Clotting
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10  cards
12.7.1 Human Excretion: Waste Processing
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12  cards
12.7.2 Human Excretion: Urinary System Structure
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12  cards
12.7.3 The Nephron: Blood Filtration and Urine Production
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12  cards
12.8.1 The Immune Response: Nonspecific Defenses
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12  cards
12.8.2 The Immune System: Structure and Function
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11  cards
12.8.3 Immunity: Clonal Selection Theory
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11  cards
12.8.4 Immune Response: An Overview
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11  cards
12.8.5 T Cells: Helper T Activation
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12  cards
12.8.6 T Cells: Helper and Cytotoxic T Cell Effects
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8  cards
12.9.1 B Cells: The Humoral Response
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10  cards
12.9.2 Antibodies and DNA Rearrangement
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7  cards
12.9.3 Antibody Mechanisms
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12  cards
12.10.1 HIV: An Attack on the Immune System
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11  cards
12.11.1 Human Regulation: Endocrine Control and Signal-Transduction Pathways
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23  cards
12.11.2 The Endocrine System
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20  cards
12.11.3 Endocrine Function: Oscillations in Hormone Levels
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9  cards
12.12.1 The Ovarian and Uterine Cycles: Preparation for Pregnancy
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8  cards
12.12.2 Hormonal Events during the Female Reproductive Cycle
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10  cards
12.13.1 The Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuron
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10  cards
12.13.2 Human Regulation: Nervous System: Nerve Function and Reflexes
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8  cards
12.14.1 Human Regulation: The Nerve Impulse: General Events
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9  cards
12.14.2 Human Regulation: The Nervous System and the Action Potential
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8  cards
12.14.3 Human Regulation: Synaptic Events: Cell-Cell Communication
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10  cards
12.14.4 The Nervous System: A Phylogenetic Perspective
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9  cards
12.14.5 The Human Brain
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10  cards
12.14.6 Processing Centers of the Human Brain
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9  cards
12.15.1 Motor Control: Muscle Microstructure
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10  cards
12.15.2 The Neuromuscular Junction: The Contraction Is Triggered
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8  cards
12.15.3 The Sliding Filament: Interaction of ATP, Actin, Myosin, and Calcium
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9  cards
12.15.4 Muscle Structure and Action
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4  cards
12.16.1 Sensory Systems: An Introduction
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12  cards
12.16.2 Photoreceptors and the Vertebrate Eye
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9  cards
12.16.3 The Ear and Equilibrium
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11  cards
12.16.4 The Ear and Hearing
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7  cards
13.1.1 Plant Development: Germination
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12  cards
13.1.2 Plant Development: Cell Structure and Function
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11  cards
13.1.3 Primary Growth: Root Growth and Development
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11  cards
13.1.4 Primary Growth: Stem Growth and Development
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8  cards
13.1.5 Secondary Growth: Lateral Meristems and Secondary Vascular Tissue
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10  cards
13.2.1 Regulation in Plants
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13  cards
13.2.2 Plant Hormones
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8  cards
13.2.3 Signal Transduction Pathways in Plants
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9  cards
13.3.1 Photoperiodism in Plants: Control of Flowering
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12  cards
13.3.2 Phytochromes and the Photoperiodic Response
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9  cards
13.4.1 Transport in Angiosperms: Transpiration
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9  cards
13.4.2 The Role of Xylem Tissue and Stomata
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12  cards
13.4.3 Plant Transport: Absorption and Lateral Transport in Roots
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10  cards
13.4.4 Phloem: The Movement of Sap
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14  cards
14.1.1 Ecological Organization: The Functional Divisions of the Ecologist
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10  cards
14.2.1 Land Biomes: An Overview
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19  cards
14.2.2 Terrestrial Biomes: Water-Limited Environments
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14  cards
14.2.3 Aquatic Biomes
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12  cards
14.3.1 Ecology at the Level of the Species: Behavior
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12  cards
14.3.2 Imprinting and Innate Behavior
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11  cards
14.3.3 Nature vs. Nurture: Is There a Genetic Basis for Behaviors?
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10  cards
14.4.1 Competitive Behaviors and Survivability
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12  cards
14.4.2 Courtship and Mating Behaviors: Survivability
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12  cards
14.5.1 Population Ecology: Populations with Unlimited Resources
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9  cards
14.5.2 Population Ecology: The Reality of Limited Resources
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9  cards
14.5.3 Population Ecology: Population Strategy: r vs. K
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8  cards
14.5.4 Population Ecology: Intraspecific Competition
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11  cards
14.6.1 Community Ecology: Interspecific Interaction: Predation
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10  cards
14.6.2 Interspecific Competition: Ecological Niches
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10  cards
14.6.3 Interspecific Associations: Symbiosis
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10  cards
14.7.1 Community Disturbance: Succession
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10  cards
14.7.2 Secondary Succession
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9  cards
14.8.1 The Decline in Species Diversity and the Current Mass Extinction
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8  cards
14.9.1 Ecosystems: A Flow of Energy
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11  cards
14.9.2 Ecosystems: Productivity and Energy Flow
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11  cards
14.9.3 Productivity Pyramids: Visualizing Energy Flows
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9  cards
14.9.4 Productivity Pyramids: Pyramid of Numbers
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8  cards
14.10.1 Ecosystems and Material Cycles: Water, Carbon, and Sulfur
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8  cards
14.10.2 Ecosystems and Material Cycles: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycles
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12  cards
14.11.1 The Effects of Human Population Growth: Lake Eutrophication
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12  cards
14.11.2 Toxic Accumulation and Ozone Depletion
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12  cards

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