Flashcards in XIX - Female Genital System and the Breast Deck (173)
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91
What is the most common pattern seen in invasive cervical carcinoma?
Fungating (TOPNOTCH)
92
On histological examination of the endometrium, what is the earliest morphological evidence of ovulation?
Basal vacuolation (TOPNOTCH)
93
Morphology: ectopic endometrial glands and stroma with numerous macrophages containing hemosiderin
Endometriosis (TOPNOTCH)
94
The combination of ovarian tumor, hydrothorax, and ascites is designated as
Meigs Syndrome (TOPNOTCH)
95
What type of ovarian cancer is best considered as the counterpart of the seminoma of the testes?
Dysgerminoma (TOPNOTCH)
96
About 1% of the dermoids undergo malignant transformation of any one of the component elements present, but most commonly, they differentiate into what type of carcinoma?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)
97
Morphology: characterized by a lining of tall columnar epithelial cells with apical mucin and the absence of cilia, resembling cervical or intestinal epithelium
Mucinous tumors (TOPNOTCH)
98
Morphology: lined by a rim of bright yellow luteal tissue containing luteinized granulosa cells
Luteal cyst (TOPNOTCH)
99
Morphology: characterized chiefly by dilations of ducts, inspissation of breast secretions, and marked periductal and interstitial chronic granulomatous reaction
Mammary Duct Ectasia (TOPNOTCH)
100
What are the 3 principal patterns of morphologic changes seen in Fibrocystic Changes of the breast?
1. Cyst formation with apocrine metaplasia2. Fibrosis3. Adenosis (TOPNOTCH)
101
Morphology: proliferation of intralobular stroma surrounding and often pushing and distorting the associated epithelium. The border is sharply delimited from the surrounding tissue
Fibroadenoma (TOPNOTCH)
102
What is the most important prognostic factor useful as a predictive factor for the response of therapy in patients with breast cancer?
Presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (TOPNOTCH)
103
Morphology: characterized by solid syncytium like sheets occupying 75% of the tumor , prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and a non inflitrative border
Medullary carcinoma of the breast (TOPNOTCH)
104
The histologic hallmark of this tumor is the pattern of single infiltrating tumor cells, often only one cell in width, or in loose clusters or sheets
Invasive lobular carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)
105
This is a rare manifestation of breast cancer and presents as a unilateral erythematous eruption with a scale crust
Paget disease (TOPNOTCH)
106
These are stellate lesions characterized by a central nidus of entrapped glands in a hyalinized stroma
Complex Sclerosing Lesion or Radial Scar (TOPNOTCH)
107
Morphology: composed of multiple branching fibrovascular cores, each having a connective tissue axis lined by luminal and myoepithelial cells
Papillomas (TOPNOTCH)
108
What is the most common clinical presentation of breast disease
Pain (TOPNOTCH)
109
The principal mammographic signs of breast carcinoma
Densities and calfications (TOPNOTCH)
110
Morphology: the main histologic feature is keratinizing squamous epithelium extending to an abnormal depth into the orifices of the nipple ducts
Periductal mastitis (TOPNOTCH)
111
Mammographic appearance: Large lobulated "popcorn" calcifications
Fibroadenoma (TOPNOTCH)
112
Morphology: characterized by solid sheets of pleomorphic cells with high-grade nuclei and central necrosis detected mamographically as clusters or linear and branching microcalcifications
Comedocarcinoma (TOPNOTCH)
113
Morphology: Terminal ducts (without lobule formation) are lined by a multilayered epithelium with small papillary tufts and surrounding periductal hyalinization and fibrosis.
Gynecomastia (TOPNOTCH)
114
Morphology: terminal duct lobular unit is enlarged, and the acini are compressed and distorted within the lumens. Calcifications are often present within the lumens.
Sclerosing adenosis(TOPNOTCH)
115
Morphology: central fibrovascular core extends from the wall of a duct. The papillae arborize within the lumen and are lined by myoepithelial and luminal cells
Intraductal papilloma(TOPNOTCH)
116
Cellular proliferation resembling ductal carcinoma in situ or lobular carcinoma in situ but lacking sufficient qualitative or quantitative features for a diagnosis of carcinoma in situ
Atypical hyperplasia(TOPNOTCH)
117
Refers to a proliferation of cells identical to those of LCIS but the cells do not fill or distend more than 50% of the acini within a lobule.
Atypical Lobular hyperplasia(TOPNOTCH)
118
Recognized by its histologic resemblance to ductal carcinoma in situ, including a monomorphic cell population, regular cell placement, and round lumina. However, the lesions are characteristically limited in extend, and the cells are not completely monomorphic in type or they fail to completely fill ductal spaces
Atypical hyperplasia(TOPNOTCH)
119
What are the two major risk factors for breast carcinoma?
Hormonal and Genetics/family history(TOPNOTCH)
120
