X A&P FINAL - random facts Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in X A&P FINAL - random facts Deck (25)
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1
Q

plasma CELLS

A

also called plasma B cells, plasmocytes, and effector B cells, are white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies. They are transported by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system. Like all blood cells, plasma cells originate in the bone marrow; however, these cells leave the bone marrow as B cells, before terminal differentiation into plasma cells, normally in lymph nodes.
-circulate antibodies

2
Q

Plasma made of

A

54% of blood. Minus solid RBC

contains Albumin, clotting factors, complement, antiodies

3
Q

Complement

A

group of enzymes that help antibodies fight pathogens

4
Q

Albumin

A

Most abundant protein in plasma. helps regulate body osmotic pressure (made in liver)

5
Q

Liver makes

A
  • glycogen storage,
  • decomposition of red blood cells,
  • plasma protein synthesis (albumin),
  • hormone production, and detoxification.
  • bile, emulsification of lipids.
6
Q

Erythrocytes - RBC

no nucleus

A

RBC

  • carry o2 bound to hemoglovin.
  • carry CO2
7
Q

Leukocytes - WBC

granulocyte and agranulocyte

A
  • immunity

- live in blood, tissue and lymphatic system

8
Q

Platelets

A
  • fragments of large cells (megakaryocytes)

- Hemostatis, form platelet plug adn start coagulation (blood clotting)

9
Q

Granulocytes (granular leukocytes)

A
  • Neturophils (most) (aka Polys)
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
10
Q

Agranulocytes

A
  • lymphocytes (originate in RBM, develop and multiply in lymphoid tissue)
  • Circulate in lymphatic system.
  • monocytes are largest
11
Q

Neutrophil function (Granulocyte)

A

Phagocytosis

12
Q

Eosinophils (Granulocyte)

A

Allergic reaction, anti parasite

13
Q

Basophils (Granulocyte)

A

Allergic, inflammatory

14
Q

Lymphocytes (agranulocyte)

A

Immunity (Tcells)

15
Q

Monocyte (agranulocyte)

A

Phagocytosis

16
Q

Immunoglobulins

A

produced by plasma cells aka Antibodies,

17
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

tendency to react unfavorably to certain substance that is normally harmless to most people (i.e. low BP triggers in kidney in af-am compared to non black)

18
Q

Inflammation response

A

1) RUBOR - redness, capilarry dilations to increase blood flow to area
2) TUMOR - swelling, due to passage of plasma to damaged site
3) CALOR - heat, capillary dilation resulting from increased blood flow
4) DOLOR - pain, destruction of tissue

19
Q

Intrinsic factor

A

a gastric juice secretion responsible or vit B12 absorption from the intestine (made in stomach)

(pernicious anemia disease resulting form lack of B12)

20
Q

Reticulocyte

A

immature red blood cells

21
Q

Hemostasis steps ( preventing blood loss due to injury)

A

1) contraction of smooth muscle (vasoconstriction)
2) Formation of platelet plug
3) formation of blood clot (coagulation)
4) substance released from damaged tissue, prothromibinase
5) prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin
6) thrombin converts soluble fibrinogen into fibrin.

22
Q

Blood needs to form…

A
B12
Iron
Copper
Vit A
Vit C
23
Q

cardiac output

A

volume of blood pumped in one minute

HR x SV = cardiac output

24
Q

Heartrate

A

number of beats per minute

25
Q

stroke volume

A

volume of blood pumped out with each beat

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