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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X A&P - Chp 6 - The Integumentary (Skin) > Flashcards

X A&P - Chp 6 - The Integumentary (Skin) Flashcards

1
Q

Epidermis

A

outermost portion - epithelial cells and contains no blood vessels. nourished by capillaries in underlying dermis.

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2
Q

Dermis

A

framework of connective tissue and contains many blood vessels, nerve endings and glands.

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3
Q

Cross Section of Skin

A

see pic

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4
Q

Melanocyets produce

A

Melanin in the deepest layer of epidermis.

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5
Q

Dermal Papillae

A

finger prints, allow blood vessels to get closer to superficial cells.

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6
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

protective layer over finger prints.

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7
Q

Areas of great heat loss

A

Groin, Armpit (Axillae), Head

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8
Q

Subcutaneous Layer

A

aka Hypodermis/superficial fascia

connects skin to underlying muscles

made of loose connective tissue and large amounts of adipose

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9
Q

Integumentary

A

the name of the system that comprises the skin and all it;s associated structures.

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10
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

saclike structures, oily sebum lubricates skin and hair and prevents drying.

Open into hair follicles

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11
Q

Sudoriferous (Sweat) Gland

A

coiled, tubelike structure located in dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Cool the body. release sweat or perspiratoin, draws heat rom skin as moisture evaporates at surface.

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12
Q

Eccrine

A

type of sweat gland diestributed though skin. exetnds directly to surface and opens at a pore. Sweat contains salt, minor excretory function

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13
Q

Apocrine

A

sweat glands located in armpits and groin area

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14
Q

Arrector Pili

A

this band of involuntary muscle attached to hair follicle.

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15
Q

Pallor

A

paleness of skin. reduced blood flow, reduction in hemoglobin, (anemia)

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16
Q

cyanosis

A

not enough oxygen in blood, skin takes on a blue hue

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17
Q

FLushing

A

redness of skin accompanied with high fever

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18
Q

Erythma

A

redness of skin

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19
Q

Macule

A

spot that is not raised or depressed. ie freckles

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20
Q

Papule

A

firm raise area, large firm papule is a nodule

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21
Q

Vesicle

A

blister or small fluid fliled sac

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22
Q

Pustule

A

vesicle filled with pus. vesciles infected

22
Q

BSA

A

Body surface area

23
Q

Factors that affect healing

A

Nutrition
Blood supply
Infection
Age

24
Q

Sunlight converts what to what?

A

Cholesterol to Vit D.

25
Q

Vit necessary for

A

Calcium absorption

26
Q

Functions of Skin

A 
Controls body temp
Protection against infection
Production of Vit D
Protection against dehydration
Collection of sensory info
27
Q

Smallest blood vessels

A

Capillaries

28
Q

When capillaries dilated, we look

A

Flushed
Red

More blood to surface, heat released

29
Q

What feeds the skin?

A

Capillaries

30
Q

Cooling mechanisms

A

Constriction of blood vessels
Dilation of blood vessels
Evaporation, perspiration

31
Q

If you are warm/hot, body needs to cool

A

Capillaries dilate, blood rushes and heat released

32
Q

Necrosis

A

Skin dies, turns black

33
Q

Skin image w stratum basale, dermal papillae

A

My drawing

34
Q

Stratum Basale

Aka

A

Stratum germinativum

Germ layer producing epidermis.
Bottom most layer of epidermis

Melanocytes in between basale cells

35
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin
Hair
Nails

36
Q

Skin layers

A

Epidermis: stratum basale/germinativum
Dermis: blood vessels, nerve endings, glands (oil, sweat)

37
Q

Waterproof protein in skin

A

Keratin

38
Q

Growth happens at

A

Stratum basale/germinativum

39
Q

Thicker skin on palms, soles

A

Stratum Corneum

40
Q

Largest to smallest

Artery ….

A

Artery, arterioles, capillaries

41
Q

Suderiferous glands

Sweat

A 
Apocrine: arm pits, groin
Eccrine: to pores, generalized
Ceruminous: earwax
Ciliary Glands: eyelash
Mammary glands: milk, modified sweat
42
Q

Subcutaneous layer connects

A

Skin to muscle

43
Q

Vernix

A

Creamy covering on newborns

44
Q

Other activities of skin

A

Absorb medications
Excretion: water, electrolytes (Na, K, Cl), waste
Manufacture Vit D

45
Q

Pigment in Epidermis

A

Melanin: black/brown
Carotene: reddish, freckles

46
Q

Pallor

A

Pale skin, reduced blood flow

47
Q

Flushing

A

Redness

48
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish color, lack of O in blood

49
Q

Yellow skin

A

Jaundice

50
Q

Surface Lesions

A

Macule: freckle
Papule/Vesicle: blisters
Pustule: pus cyst

51
Q

Deeper Lesions

A

Excoriation: road rash
Laceration: cut
Ulcer: round lesion in skin
Fissure: crack

52
Q

Tissue repair in areas w actively dividing cells

A

Epithelial tissue

Connective tissue

53
Q

Effects of Aging on Integumentary System

A

Loss of subcutaneous fat
Wrinkles
Grey hair, lose melanin
Nails growing thick, horny in elderly

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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