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Diagnostic Imaging II Exam Two > Wrist and Fingers > Flashcards

Wrist and Fingers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common carpal injury?

A

Scaphoid

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2
Q

What is the second most common carpal injury?

A

Triquetral chip fracture

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3
Q

What is the third most common carpal injury?

A

Hamate

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4
Q

The majority of scaphoid fractures (70%) occur where?

A

Waist (middle 1/3)

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5
Q

Where would a patient with a scaphoid fracture point to an area of pain?

A

Snuffbox

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6
Q

There is a higher likelihood of complications when a scaphoid fracture is in which direction?

A

More posterior

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7
Q

What is the best view to assess a scaphoid fracture?

A

P-A with ulnar deviation (flexion)

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8
Q

How does an area of scaphoid AVN occur on plain film?

A

Area of white density

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9
Q

What is the name of the sign where a large gap is seen between the lunate and scaphoid?

A

Terry Thomas sign

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10
Q

What X-ray view is used for a triquetral fracture?

A

Only lateral

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11
Q

What usually causes a triquetral fracture?

A

Avulsion from ligaments

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12
Q

What is a big sign on X-ray for a hamate fracture?

A

No hook present

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13
Q

What is the most common carpal dislocation?

A

Perilunate dislocation

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14
Q

What is the second most common carpal dislocation?

A

Lunate dislocation (anterior)

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15
Q

In what type of carpal dislocation does everything move relative to the lunate?

A

Perilunate

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16
Q

What is the normal amount of joint space between the carpal bones?

A

1-2 mm

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17
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for a perilunate dislocation?

A

FOOSH

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18
Q

What is a common fracture to be associated with a perilunate dislocation?

A

Scaphoid (75%)

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19
Q

With a perilunate dislocation, in which direction does everything go except the lunate?

A

Posterior

20
Q

The “pie sign” is associated with what injury?

A

Anterior lunate dislocation

21
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for an anterior lunate dislocation?

A

Hyperextension

22
Q

What is the most common carpal instability pattern?

A

Rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid

23
Q

A Terry Thomas sign greater than 4mm is associated with what carpal instability pattern?

A

Rotatory subluxation of scaphoid

24
Q

What is the X-ray sign associated with a rotatory subluxation of scaphoid?

A

Ring sign

25
Q

What is the “ring sign”?

A

The scaphoid appears round in shape instead of kidney bean

26
Q

What is the diagnosis if both a ring sign and Terry Thomas sign are present?

A

Rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid

27
Q

What is the name of the fracture occurring at the neck of the metacarpals?

A

Boxer’s/Bar Room

28
Q

What causes a Bar Room fracture?

A

Direct blow with the fist

29
Q

What is unique about the visibility of a Boxer’s fracture on X-ray?

A

Visible on all views of the hand

30
Q

What is the most common location for a Boxer’s fracture?

A

5th digit

31
Q

What is the term for the condition of an avulsion of the extensor tendon at its insertion on the dorsal surface of the base of the distal phalanx?

A

Baseball/Mallet finger

32
Q

What is the appearance of a baseball or mallet finger?

A

Forced hyper flexion at distal phalanx

33
Q

What specific tendon is involved with baseball/mallet finger?

A

EXTENSOR tendon (leading to hyper flexion appearance)

34
Q

What are the two injuries to the thumb that are intraarticular?

A

Bennett’s and Rolando’s

35
Q

Fractures of the first metacarpal usually involve what part?

A

Proximal portion (75%)

36
Q

What is the most common injury to the first metacarpal?

A

Bennett’s fracture

37
Q

What is a Bennett’s fracture?

A

Oblique fracture at the base of the first metacarpal associated with dorsal subluxation of the first metacarpal

38
Q

What causes the displacement seen with a Bennett’s fracture?

A

Abductor pollicis longus muscles

39
Q

Which is a simple fracture: Bennett’s or Rolando’s?

A

Bennett’s

40
Q

Which is a comminuted fracture: Bennett’s or Rolando’s?

A

Rolando’s

41
Q

What valgus injury is a partial or complete disruption of the ulnar collateral ligament and may have an avulsed fragment?

A

Gamekeeper’s thumb

42
Q

The avulsion involved with Gamekeeper’s thumb comes off of what bone?

A

Proximal phalanx

43
Q

What kind of stress causes a Gamekeeper’s thumb?

A

Valgus

44
Q

It’s important to not get the fragment seen with Gamekeeper’s thumb confused with what piece of anatomy?

A

Sesamoid bone seen by the head of the first metacarpal

45
Q

What is another name for Gamekeeper’s thumb?

A

Skier’s thumb

46
Q

What is the most common direction of dislocation of the hand?

A

Dorsal

Diagnostic Imaging II Exam Two (4 decks)

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