What Are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions? Flashcards Preview

Critical Thinking > What Are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions? > Flashcards

Flashcards in What Are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions? Deck (11)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Characteristics of Assumptions

A

Hidden or Unstated
Take For Granted
Influential in Determining the Conclusion
Potentially Deceptive

2
Q

Where to look for Assumptions

A

Assumptions needed for the reasons to support the conclusion (linkage assumptions)
Assumptions that are extremely influential in prescriptive arguments (value assumptions)

3
Q

Assumptions

A

Unstated beliefs that support the explicit reasoning

4
Q

Value Conflicts

A

Differing values that stem from different frames of reference

5
Q

Value Assumptions

A

Important because they are directing the reasoning from behind a screen
Taken-for-granted believe about the relative desirability of certain competing values; Implicit preference for one value over another in a particular context; Use value preferences and value priorities as synonyms

6
Q

Priorities or Preference

A

Preferring one value over another value

7
Q

Values

A

Ideas that someone thinks are worthwhile; unstated ideas that people see as worthwhile. Provide standards of conduct by which we measure the quality of human behavior

8
Q

Identifying Values

A

Commonly held values; values that most often pla a rold in shaping opinions or behavior

9
Q

Value Judgments

A

Unstated assertions about value priorities

10
Q

Value Conflict

A

Conflicts between values

11
Q

Clues for Identifying Value Assumptions

A
  1. Investigate the author’s background
  2. Ask “Why do the consequences of the author’s position seem so important to her?”
  3. Search for similar social controveries to find analogous value assumptions
  4. Use reverse role-playing. Take a position opposite the author’s position and identify which values are important to that opposite position.
  5. Look for common value conflicts such as individual responsibility versus community responsibility